Cargando…

Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal

Geographical and ethnic diversity in Nepal has led to interesting epidemiology of viral hepatitis and liver diseases. Before the epidemic of Biratnagar that occurred in April to June 2014, Kathmandu was the only known endemic region for hepatitis E virus infection (HEV), where at least four previous...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Shrestha, Ananta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5578519/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29201685
http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1128
_version_ 1783260546709061632
author Shrestha, Ananta
author_facet Shrestha, Ananta
author_sort Shrestha, Ananta
collection PubMed
description Geographical and ethnic diversity in Nepal has led to interesting epidemiology of viral hepatitis and liver diseases. Before the epidemic of Biratnagar that occurred in April to June 2014, Kathmandu was the only known endemic region for hepatitis E virus infection (HEV), where at least four previous epidemics have been documented since 1973. Due to rapid urbanization with still low socioeconomic condition, other major cities are appreciated to be at increasing risk of outbreaks. Characteristics of HEV epidemics and genetic changes of HEV during last decade have been studied. While hepatitis A virus infection was only common during childhood till recent years, it is re-emerging as an important etiology of acute hepatitis in young adults. Nepal is classified as low endemic region for hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) with overall seroprevalence of 1.1%. But, some ethnic groups and geographical areas have high prevalence rates. Despite low endemicity, HBV accounts for majority of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis in the country. Similarly, though hepatitis C virus (HCV) is present in only 0.4% of general population, high seroprevalence was found among intravenous drug abusers many of them with HIV coinfection. Apart from hepatitis viruses, alcohol use also contributes significantly to liver cirrhosis and chronic liver failure. A unique form of hepatic venous outflow obstruction called ‘hepatic vena cava syndrome’ has been identified as an important etiology of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Shrestha A. Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2015;5(1):40-42.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5578519
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-55785192017-11-30 Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal Shrestha, Ananta Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol Mini Review Geographical and ethnic diversity in Nepal has led to interesting epidemiology of viral hepatitis and liver diseases. Before the epidemic of Biratnagar that occurred in April to June 2014, Kathmandu was the only known endemic region for hepatitis E virus infection (HEV), where at least four previous epidemics have been documented since 1973. Due to rapid urbanization with still low socioeconomic condition, other major cities are appreciated to be at increasing risk of outbreaks. Characteristics of HEV epidemics and genetic changes of HEV during last decade have been studied. While hepatitis A virus infection was only common during childhood till recent years, it is re-emerging as an important etiology of acute hepatitis in young adults. Nepal is classified as low endemic region for hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) with overall seroprevalence of 1.1%. But, some ethnic groups and geographical areas have high prevalence rates. Despite low endemicity, HBV accounts for majority of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis in the country. Similarly, though hepatitis C virus (HCV) is present in only 0.4% of general population, high seroprevalence was found among intravenous drug abusers many of them with HIV coinfection. Apart from hepatitis viruses, alcohol use also contributes significantly to liver cirrhosis and chronic liver failure. A unique form of hepatic venous outflow obstruction called ‘hepatic vena cava syndrome’ has been identified as an important etiology of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Shrestha A. Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2015;5(1):40-42. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers 2015 2015-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5578519/ /pubmed/29201685 http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1128 Text en Copyright © 2015; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
spellingShingle Mini Review
Shrestha, Ananta
Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal
title Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal
title_full Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal
title_fullStr Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal
title_short Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases in Nepal
title_sort epidemiology of viral hepatitis and liver diseases in nepal
topic Mini Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5578519/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29201685
http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1128
work_keys_str_mv AT shresthaananta epidemiologyofviralhepatitisandliverdiseasesinnepal