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A Dimensionality Reduction-Based Multi-Step Clustering Method for Robust Vessel Trajectory Analysis
The Shipboard Automatic Identification System (AIS) is crucial for navigation safety and maritime surveillance, data mining and pattern analysis of AIS information have attracted considerable attention in terms of both basic research and practical applications. Clustering of spatio-temporal AIS traj...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28777353 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081792 |
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author | Li, Huanhuan Liu, Jingxian Liu, Ryan Wen Xiong, Naixue Wu, Kefeng Kim, Tai-hoon |
author_facet | Li, Huanhuan Liu, Jingxian Liu, Ryan Wen Xiong, Naixue Wu, Kefeng Kim, Tai-hoon |
author_sort | Li, Huanhuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Shipboard Automatic Identification System (AIS) is crucial for navigation safety and maritime surveillance, data mining and pattern analysis of AIS information have attracted considerable attention in terms of both basic research and practical applications. Clustering of spatio-temporal AIS trajectories can be used to identify abnormal patterns and mine customary route data for transportation safety. Thus, the capacities of navigation safety and maritime traffic monitoring could be enhanced correspondingly. However, trajectory clustering is often sensitive to undesirable outliers and is essentially more complex compared with traditional point clustering. To overcome this limitation, a multi-step trajectory clustering method is proposed in this paper for robust AIS trajectory clustering. In particular, the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), a similarity measurement method, is introduced in the first step to measure the distances between different trajectories. The calculated distances, inversely proportional to the similarities, constitute a distance matrix in the second step. Furthermore, as a widely-used dimensional reduction method, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is exploited to decompose the obtained distance matrix. In particular, the top k principal components with above 95% accumulative contribution rate are extracted by PCA, and the number of the centers k is chosen. The k centers are found by the improved center automatically selection algorithm. In the last step, the improved center clustering algorithm with k clusters is implemented on the distance matrix to achieve the final AIS trajectory clustering results. In order to improve the accuracy of the proposed multi-step clustering algorithm, an automatic algorithm for choosing the k clusters is developed according to the similarity distance. Numerous experiments on realistic AIS trajectory datasets in the bridge area waterway and Mississippi River have been implemented to compare our proposed method with traditional spectral clustering and fast affinity propagation clustering. Experimental results have illustrated its superior performance in terms of quantitative and qualitative evaluations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5579835 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55798352017-09-06 A Dimensionality Reduction-Based Multi-Step Clustering Method for Robust Vessel Trajectory Analysis Li, Huanhuan Liu, Jingxian Liu, Ryan Wen Xiong, Naixue Wu, Kefeng Kim, Tai-hoon Sensors (Basel) Article The Shipboard Automatic Identification System (AIS) is crucial for navigation safety and maritime surveillance, data mining and pattern analysis of AIS information have attracted considerable attention in terms of both basic research and practical applications. Clustering of spatio-temporal AIS trajectories can be used to identify abnormal patterns and mine customary route data for transportation safety. Thus, the capacities of navigation safety and maritime traffic monitoring could be enhanced correspondingly. However, trajectory clustering is often sensitive to undesirable outliers and is essentially more complex compared with traditional point clustering. To overcome this limitation, a multi-step trajectory clustering method is proposed in this paper for robust AIS trajectory clustering. In particular, the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), a similarity measurement method, is introduced in the first step to measure the distances between different trajectories. The calculated distances, inversely proportional to the similarities, constitute a distance matrix in the second step. Furthermore, as a widely-used dimensional reduction method, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is exploited to decompose the obtained distance matrix. In particular, the top k principal components with above 95% accumulative contribution rate are extracted by PCA, and the number of the centers k is chosen. The k centers are found by the improved center automatically selection algorithm. In the last step, the improved center clustering algorithm with k clusters is implemented on the distance matrix to achieve the final AIS trajectory clustering results. In order to improve the accuracy of the proposed multi-step clustering algorithm, an automatic algorithm for choosing the k clusters is developed according to the similarity distance. Numerous experiments on realistic AIS trajectory datasets in the bridge area waterway and Mississippi River have been implemented to compare our proposed method with traditional spectral clustering and fast affinity propagation clustering. Experimental results have illustrated its superior performance in terms of quantitative and qualitative evaluations. MDPI 2017-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5579835/ /pubmed/28777353 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081792 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Huanhuan Liu, Jingxian Liu, Ryan Wen Xiong, Naixue Wu, Kefeng Kim, Tai-hoon A Dimensionality Reduction-Based Multi-Step Clustering Method for Robust Vessel Trajectory Analysis |
title | A Dimensionality Reduction-Based Multi-Step Clustering Method for Robust Vessel Trajectory Analysis |
title_full | A Dimensionality Reduction-Based Multi-Step Clustering Method for Robust Vessel Trajectory Analysis |
title_fullStr | A Dimensionality Reduction-Based Multi-Step Clustering Method for Robust Vessel Trajectory Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | A Dimensionality Reduction-Based Multi-Step Clustering Method for Robust Vessel Trajectory Analysis |
title_short | A Dimensionality Reduction-Based Multi-Step Clustering Method for Robust Vessel Trajectory Analysis |
title_sort | dimensionality reduction-based multi-step clustering method for robust vessel trajectory analysis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28777353 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081792 |
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