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A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their numerous applications in ocean monitoring, resource discovery and tactical surveillance. However, the design of reliable and efficient transmission and routing protocols is a challenge du...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28786915 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081821 |
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author | Wang, Hao Wang, Shilian Bu, Renfei Zhang, Eryang |
author_facet | Wang, Hao Wang, Shilian Bu, Renfei Zhang, Eryang |
author_sort | Wang, Hao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their numerous applications in ocean monitoring, resource discovery and tactical surveillance. However, the design of reliable and efficient transmission and routing protocols is a challenge due to the low acoustic propagation speed and complex channel environment in UWSNs. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-layer routing protocol based on network coding (NCRP) for UWSNs, which utilizes network coding and cross-layer design to greedily forward data packets to sink nodes efficiently. The proposed NCRP takes full advantages of multicast transmission and decode packets jointly with encoded packets received from multiple potential nodes in the entire network. The transmission power is optimized in our design to extend the life cycle of the network. Moreover, we design a real-time routing maintenance protocol to update the route when detecting inefficient relay nodes. Substantial simulations in underwater environment by Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) show that NCRP significantly improves the network performance in terms of energy consumption, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio compared with other routing protocols for UWSNs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5579969 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55799692017-09-06 A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks Wang, Hao Wang, Shilian Bu, Renfei Zhang, Eryang Sensors (Basel) Article Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their numerous applications in ocean monitoring, resource discovery and tactical surveillance. However, the design of reliable and efficient transmission and routing protocols is a challenge due to the low acoustic propagation speed and complex channel environment in UWSNs. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-layer routing protocol based on network coding (NCRP) for UWSNs, which utilizes network coding and cross-layer design to greedily forward data packets to sink nodes efficiently. The proposed NCRP takes full advantages of multicast transmission and decode packets jointly with encoded packets received from multiple potential nodes in the entire network. The transmission power is optimized in our design to extend the life cycle of the network. Moreover, we design a real-time routing maintenance protocol to update the route when detecting inefficient relay nodes. Substantial simulations in underwater environment by Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) show that NCRP significantly improves the network performance in terms of energy consumption, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio compared with other routing protocols for UWSNs. MDPI 2017-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5579969/ /pubmed/28786915 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081821 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Hao Wang, Shilian Bu, Renfei Zhang, Eryang A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
title | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
title_full | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
title_fullStr | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
title_short | A Novel Cross-Layer Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding for Underwater Sensor Networks |
title_sort | novel cross-layer routing protocol based on network coding for underwater sensor networks |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28786915 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081821 |
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