Increase of vitamin D assays prescriptions and associated factors: a population-based cohort study

A worldwide increase in the frequency of testing for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels has been observed over the last years. Our aim was to measure the evolution in the number of vitamin D assays performed in France from 2008 to 2013 and to investigate some of the drivers that may explain this increase. Patients within the representative 1/97th sample of the French health insurance system reimbursement database (EGBS database) who had at least one 25OHD or 1-25(OH)(2)D assay between 2008 and 2013 were included. Trends over time in number of vitamin D assays were analysed globally and per year in a multivariable Poisson regression model with GEE. Among the 639,163 patients of the EGBS database, 118,509 (18.5%) had at least one vitamin D assay over the 6-year study period. Among the individuals tested, 52.1% had only one test. The number of vitamin D assays (25OHD or 1-25(OH)(2)D) increased 7.5-fold from 9,620 in 2008 to 81,641 in 2013. This study confirms the rapid and dramatic increase in vitamin D assays prescriptions and shows that this is mostly due to a global increase of the proportion of patients tested rather than an increase in repetition of tests in some individual patients.