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Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is fast becoming a major public health issue, disproportionately burdening low-income to middle-income countries, where detection rates remain low. We critically assessed the extant literature on CKD screening in low-income to middle-income countries. We performed a PubM...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Global Health
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5584488/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29081996 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000256 |
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author | George, Cindy Mogueo, Amelie Okpechi, Ikechi Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B Kengne, Andre Pascal |
author_facet | George, Cindy Mogueo, Amelie Okpechi, Ikechi Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B Kengne, Andre Pascal |
author_sort | George, Cindy |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is fast becoming a major public health issue, disproportionately burdening low-income to middle-income countries, where detection rates remain low. We critically assessed the extant literature on CKD screening in low-income to middle-income countries. We performed a PubMed search, up to September 2016, for studies on CKD screening in low-income to middle-income countries. Relevant studies were summarised through key questions derived from the Wilson and Jungner criteria. We found that low-income to middle-income countries are ill-equipped to deal with the devastating consequences of CKD, particularly the late stages of the disease. There are acceptable and relatively simple tools that can aid CKD screening in these countries. Screening should primarily include high-risk individuals (those with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, HIV infection or aged >60 years), but also extend to those with suboptimal levels of risk (eg, prediabetes and prehypertension). Since screening for hypertension, type 2 diabetes and HIV infection is already included in clinical practice guidelines in resource-poor settings, it is conceivable to couple this with simple CKD screening tests. Effective implementation of CKD screening remains a challenge, and the cost-effectiveness of such an undertaking largely remains to be explored. In conclusion, for many compelling reasons, screening for CKD should be a policy priority in low-income to middle-income countries, as early intervention is likely to be effective in reducing the high burden of morbidity and mortality from CKD. This will help health systems to achieve cost-effective prevention. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5584488 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BMJ Global Health |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55844882017-10-27 Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening George, Cindy Mogueo, Amelie Okpechi, Ikechi Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B Kengne, Andre Pascal BMJ Glob Health Analysis Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is fast becoming a major public health issue, disproportionately burdening low-income to middle-income countries, where detection rates remain low. We critically assessed the extant literature on CKD screening in low-income to middle-income countries. We performed a PubMed search, up to September 2016, for studies on CKD screening in low-income to middle-income countries. Relevant studies were summarised through key questions derived from the Wilson and Jungner criteria. We found that low-income to middle-income countries are ill-equipped to deal with the devastating consequences of CKD, particularly the late stages of the disease. There are acceptable and relatively simple tools that can aid CKD screening in these countries. Screening should primarily include high-risk individuals (those with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, HIV infection or aged >60 years), but also extend to those with suboptimal levels of risk (eg, prediabetes and prehypertension). Since screening for hypertension, type 2 diabetes and HIV infection is already included in clinical practice guidelines in resource-poor settings, it is conceivable to couple this with simple CKD screening tests. Effective implementation of CKD screening remains a challenge, and the cost-effectiveness of such an undertaking largely remains to be explored. In conclusion, for many compelling reasons, screening for CKD should be a policy priority in low-income to middle-income countries, as early intervention is likely to be effective in reducing the high burden of morbidity and mortality from CKD. This will help health systems to achieve cost-effective prevention. BMJ Global Health 2017-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC5584488/ /pubmed/29081996 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000256 Text en © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Analysis George, Cindy Mogueo, Amelie Okpechi, Ikechi Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B Kengne, Andre Pascal Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening |
title | Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening |
title_full | Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening |
title_fullStr | Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening |
title_full_unstemmed | Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening |
title_short | Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening |
title_sort | chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening |
topic | Analysis |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5584488/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29081996 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000256 |
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