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Characterization and Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids in Citrus Species

Flavonoids are widely distributed in plants and play important roles in many biological processes. Citrus fruits are rich dietary sources of flavonoids. However, there have been very few reports about the comprehensive metabolic profile and natural diversity of flavonoids in different tissues of var...

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Autores principales: Wang, Shouchuang, Yang, Chenkun, Tu, Hong, Zhou, Junjie, Liu, Xianqing, Cheng, Yunjiang, Luo, Jie, Deng, Xiuxin, Zhang, Hongyan, Xu, Juan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5585201/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28874745
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10970-2
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author Wang, Shouchuang
Yang, Chenkun
Tu, Hong
Zhou, Junjie
Liu, Xianqing
Cheng, Yunjiang
Luo, Jie
Deng, Xiuxin
Zhang, Hongyan
Xu, Juan
author_facet Wang, Shouchuang
Yang, Chenkun
Tu, Hong
Zhou, Junjie
Liu, Xianqing
Cheng, Yunjiang
Luo, Jie
Deng, Xiuxin
Zhang, Hongyan
Xu, Juan
author_sort Wang, Shouchuang
collection PubMed
description Flavonoids are widely distributed in plants and play important roles in many biological processes. Citrus fruits are rich dietary sources of flavonoids. However, there have been very few reports about the comprehensive metabolic profile and natural diversity of flavonoids in different tissues of various Citrus cultivars. In this study, based on the 7416 metabolic signals detected with non-targeted metabolomics approach, Principal Component Analysis revealed the flavedo has the largest differences from other tissues in metabolite levels; as many as 198 flavonoid signals were then detected in 62 Citrus germplasms from 5 species mainly cultivated worldwide, while 117 flavonoids were identified, including 39 polymethoxylated flavonoids (PMFs), 7 flavones, 10 C-O-glycosylflavonoids, 44 O-glycosylflavonoids, 10 C-glycosylflavonoids and 7 newly annotated O-glycosylpolymethoxylated flavonoids. Tissue-specific accumulations were observed: O-glycosylated flavonoids were abundant in all fruit tissues, while PMFs were accumulated preferentially in the flavedo. Among different species, mandarins had the highest levels of PMFs and O-glycosylpolymethoxylated flavonoids, followed by sweet oranges. Based on the flavonoid profiles, 62 germplasms could be clearly grouped into five distinct clusters via hierarchical clustering analysis, which were perfectly matched with their species, with sweet oranges and mandarins clustering closely and being further away from other three species.
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spelling pubmed-55852012017-09-06 Characterization and Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids in Citrus Species Wang, Shouchuang Yang, Chenkun Tu, Hong Zhou, Junjie Liu, Xianqing Cheng, Yunjiang Luo, Jie Deng, Xiuxin Zhang, Hongyan Xu, Juan Sci Rep Article Flavonoids are widely distributed in plants and play important roles in many biological processes. Citrus fruits are rich dietary sources of flavonoids. However, there have been very few reports about the comprehensive metabolic profile and natural diversity of flavonoids in different tissues of various Citrus cultivars. In this study, based on the 7416 metabolic signals detected with non-targeted metabolomics approach, Principal Component Analysis revealed the flavedo has the largest differences from other tissues in metabolite levels; as many as 198 flavonoid signals were then detected in 62 Citrus germplasms from 5 species mainly cultivated worldwide, while 117 flavonoids were identified, including 39 polymethoxylated flavonoids (PMFs), 7 flavones, 10 C-O-glycosylflavonoids, 44 O-glycosylflavonoids, 10 C-glycosylflavonoids and 7 newly annotated O-glycosylpolymethoxylated flavonoids. Tissue-specific accumulations were observed: O-glycosylated flavonoids were abundant in all fruit tissues, while PMFs were accumulated preferentially in the flavedo. Among different species, mandarins had the highest levels of PMFs and O-glycosylpolymethoxylated flavonoids, followed by sweet oranges. Based on the flavonoid profiles, 62 germplasms could be clearly grouped into five distinct clusters via hierarchical clustering analysis, which were perfectly matched with their species, with sweet oranges and mandarins clustering closely and being further away from other three species. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-09-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5585201/ /pubmed/28874745 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10970-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Wang, Shouchuang
Yang, Chenkun
Tu, Hong
Zhou, Junjie
Liu, Xianqing
Cheng, Yunjiang
Luo, Jie
Deng, Xiuxin
Zhang, Hongyan
Xu, Juan
Characterization and Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids in Citrus Species
title Characterization and Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids in Citrus Species
title_full Characterization and Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids in Citrus Species
title_fullStr Characterization and Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids in Citrus Species
title_full_unstemmed Characterization and Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids in Citrus Species
title_short Characterization and Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids in Citrus Species
title_sort characterization and metabolic diversity of flavonoids in citrus species
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5585201/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28874745
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10970-2
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