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Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications

BACKGROUND: Ectasia development occurs due to a chronic corneal biomechanical decompensation or weakness, resulting in stromal thinning and corneal protrusion. This leads to corneal steepening, increase in astigmatism, and irregularity. In corneal refractive surgery, the detection of mild forms of e...

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Autores principales: Ambrósio, Jr, Renato, Correia, Fernando Faria, Lopes, Bernardo, Salomão, Marcella Q., Luz, Allan, Dawson, Daniel G., Elsheikh, Ahmed, Vinciguerra, Riccardo, Vinciguerra, Paolo, Roberts, Cynthia J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Open 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5585467/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28932334
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010176
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author Ambrósio, Jr, Renato
Correia, Fernando Faria
Lopes, Bernardo
Salomão, Marcella Q.
Luz, Allan
Dawson, Daniel G.
Elsheikh, Ahmed
Vinciguerra, Riccardo
Vinciguerra, Paolo
Roberts, Cynthia J.
author_facet Ambrósio, Jr, Renato
Correia, Fernando Faria
Lopes, Bernardo
Salomão, Marcella Q.
Luz, Allan
Dawson, Daniel G.
Elsheikh, Ahmed
Vinciguerra, Riccardo
Vinciguerra, Paolo
Roberts, Cynthia J.
author_sort Ambrósio, Jr, Renato
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Ectasia development occurs due to a chronic corneal biomechanical decompensation or weakness, resulting in stromal thinning and corneal protrusion. This leads to corneal steepening, increase in astigmatism, and irregularity. In corneal refractive surgery, the detection of mild forms of ectasia pre-operatively is essential to avoid post-operative progressive ectasia, which also depends on the impact of the procedure on the cornea. METHOD: The advent of 3D tomography is proven as a significant advancement to further characterize corneal shape beyond front surface topography, which is still relevant. While screening tests for ectasia had been limited to corneal shape (geometry) assessment, clinical biomechanical assessment has been possible since the introduction of the Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Buffalo, USA) in 2005 and the Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) in 2010. Direct clinical biomechanical evaluation is recognized as paramount, especially in detection of mild ectatic cases and characterization of the susceptibility for ectasia progression for any cornea. CONCLUSIONS: The purpose of this review is to describe the current state of clinical evaluation of corneal biomechanics, focusing on the most recent advances of commercially available instruments and also on future developments, such as Brillouin microscopy.
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spelling pubmed-55854672017-09-20 Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications Ambrósio, Jr, Renato Correia, Fernando Faria Lopes, Bernardo Salomão, Marcella Q. Luz, Allan Dawson, Daniel G. Elsheikh, Ahmed Vinciguerra, Riccardo Vinciguerra, Paolo Roberts, Cynthia J. Open Ophthalmol J Article BACKGROUND: Ectasia development occurs due to a chronic corneal biomechanical decompensation or weakness, resulting in stromal thinning and corneal protrusion. This leads to corneal steepening, increase in astigmatism, and irregularity. In corneal refractive surgery, the detection of mild forms of ectasia pre-operatively is essential to avoid post-operative progressive ectasia, which also depends on the impact of the procedure on the cornea. METHOD: The advent of 3D tomography is proven as a significant advancement to further characterize corneal shape beyond front surface topography, which is still relevant. While screening tests for ectasia had been limited to corneal shape (geometry) assessment, clinical biomechanical assessment has been possible since the introduction of the Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Buffalo, USA) in 2005 and the Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) in 2010. Direct clinical biomechanical evaluation is recognized as paramount, especially in detection of mild ectatic cases and characterization of the susceptibility for ectasia progression for any cornea. CONCLUSIONS: The purpose of this review is to describe the current state of clinical evaluation of corneal biomechanics, focusing on the most recent advances of commercially available instruments and also on future developments, such as Brillouin microscopy. Bentham Open 2017-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5585467/ /pubmed/28932334 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010176 Text en © 2017 Ambrósio et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Article
Ambrósio, Jr, Renato
Correia, Fernando Faria
Lopes, Bernardo
Salomão, Marcella Q.
Luz, Allan
Dawson, Daniel G.
Elsheikh, Ahmed
Vinciguerra, Riccardo
Vinciguerra, Paolo
Roberts, Cynthia J.
Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications
title Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications
title_full Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications
title_fullStr Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications
title_full_unstemmed Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications
title_short Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications
title_sort corneal biomechanics in ectatic diseases: refractive surgery implications
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5585467/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28932334
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010176
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