Risk factors of mortality in bloodstream infections caused by Klebsiella pneumonia: A single-center retrospective study in China

The prevalence of Klebsiella pneumonia bloodstream infections (KP-BSIs) is increasing worldwide. Few study reports focus on the KP-BSIs published in Mainland China over the previous years. This study aimed to describe the risk factors of mortality from KP-BSIs. A retrospective study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Shanghai, China, for a period of 4 years. Risk factors related to the patient mortality were analyzed using the binary logistic regression model. Of 104 patients with KP-BSIs, the overall 30-day mortality rate was 25%. The logistic regression analysis revealed that thrombocytopenia (TB) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.007, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.002–1.013), pancreaticobiliary tract (PBT) (OR: 4.059, 95% CI: 1.398–11.78), and intra-abdominal infection (OR: 6.816, 95% CI: 1.806–25.716) were powerful risk factors leading to the mortality associated with KP-BSIs. Although prior antibiotic exposure, inappropriate empirical antibiotics, and inappropriate definitive antibiotics were not associated with mortality, multidrug-resistant (MDR) of KP-BSIs in the present study was high in both survivors and nonsurvivors (67.9% and 88.5%, respectively). TB, PBT, and intra-abdominal infection caused significant mortality rates increase in KP-BSIs during the study period.