Broncholithiasis with Recurrent Lithoptysis: A Case Report

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of broncholithiasis with different types of calculi in the tracheobronchial tree. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION: A 50-year-old male who suffered from hemoptysis presented with recurrent broncholith expectoration due to past tuberculous middle lobe syndrome. Bronchoscopic examination revealed loose and embedded broncholiths located at two different bronchi. A surgical resection was suggested, but he refused. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of broncholithiasis should be kept in mind in patients who had hemoptysis and calcified mediastinal lymph nodes on thorax computerized tomography, and diagnostic bronchoscopy should be done to prove the relationship of the tracheobronchial tree with a broncholith.