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The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study

BACKGROUND: There are a paucity of data on epistaxis as it pertains to sickle cell anaemia. Some case studies suggest epistaxis to be a significant complication in patients with sickle cell anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa; however, no robust studies have sought to establish the epidemiology or pathoph...

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Autores principales: Nardo-Marino, Amina, Williams, Thomas N., Olupot-Olupot, Peter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28912951
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12878-017-0085-9
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author Nardo-Marino, Amina
Williams, Thomas N.
Olupot-Olupot, Peter
author_facet Nardo-Marino, Amina
Williams, Thomas N.
Olupot-Olupot, Peter
author_sort Nardo-Marino, Amina
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: There are a paucity of data on epistaxis as it pertains to sickle cell anaemia. Some case studies suggest epistaxis to be a significant complication in patients with sickle cell anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa; however, no robust studies have sought to establish the epidemiology or pathophysiology of this phenomenon. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study with the aim of investigating the importance of epistaxis among children presenting with sickle cell anaemia at the Mbale Regional Referral Hospital in eastern Uganda. Cases were children aged 2–15 years with an existing diagnosis of laboratory confirmed sickle cell anaemia, while controls were children without sickle cell anaemia who were frequency matched to cases on the basis of age group and gender. The frequency and severity of epistaxis was assessed using a structured questionnaire developed specifically for this study. Odds ratios controlled for age group and gender were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 150 children were included, 73 children with sickle cell anaemia and 77 children without sickle cell anaemia. The overall prevalence of epistaxis among children with sickle cell anaemia and children without sickle cell anaemia was 32.9 and 23.4% respectively. The case-control odds ratios for epistaxis, recurrent epistaxis and severe epistaxis were, 1.6 (95%CI 0.8–3.4; p = 0.2), 7.4 (1.6–34.5; 0.01), and 8.3 (1.0–69.8; 0.05) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in eastern Uganda, children with sickle cell anaemia experience epistaxis more frequently and with greater severity than children without sickle cell anaemia. Further studies are indicated to confirm this conclusion and investigate aetiology.
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spelling pubmed-55901552017-09-14 The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study Nardo-Marino, Amina Williams, Thomas N. Olupot-Olupot, Peter BMC Hematol Research Article BACKGROUND: There are a paucity of data on epistaxis as it pertains to sickle cell anaemia. Some case studies suggest epistaxis to be a significant complication in patients with sickle cell anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa; however, no robust studies have sought to establish the epidemiology or pathophysiology of this phenomenon. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study with the aim of investigating the importance of epistaxis among children presenting with sickle cell anaemia at the Mbale Regional Referral Hospital in eastern Uganda. Cases were children aged 2–15 years with an existing diagnosis of laboratory confirmed sickle cell anaemia, while controls were children without sickle cell anaemia who were frequency matched to cases on the basis of age group and gender. The frequency and severity of epistaxis was assessed using a structured questionnaire developed specifically for this study. Odds ratios controlled for age group and gender were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 150 children were included, 73 children with sickle cell anaemia and 77 children without sickle cell anaemia. The overall prevalence of epistaxis among children with sickle cell anaemia and children without sickle cell anaemia was 32.9 and 23.4% respectively. The case-control odds ratios for epistaxis, recurrent epistaxis and severe epistaxis were, 1.6 (95%CI 0.8–3.4; p = 0.2), 7.4 (1.6–34.5; 0.01), and 8.3 (1.0–69.8; 0.05) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in eastern Uganda, children with sickle cell anaemia experience epistaxis more frequently and with greater severity than children without sickle cell anaemia. Further studies are indicated to confirm this conclusion and investigate aetiology. BioMed Central 2017-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5590155/ /pubmed/28912951 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12878-017-0085-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nardo-Marino, Amina
Williams, Thomas N.
Olupot-Olupot, Peter
The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study
title The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study
title_full The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study
title_fullStr The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study
title_full_unstemmed The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study
title_short The frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern Uganda: a case-control study
title_sort frequency and severity of epistaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in eastern uganda: a case-control study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5590155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28912951
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12878-017-0085-9
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