A novel drainage approach in patients with cholesterol granuloma: From petrous apex to mastoid air cell

BACKGROUND: Cholesterol granulomas (CG) of the petrous apex (CGPA) are benign lesions that have high recurrence rates after surgical intervention. We describe the use of a robust silicon drain between the petrous apex and mastoid air cells to allow constant aeration of the lesion for preventing recurrence. CASE DESCRIPTION: A retrospective analysis was performed using the data of four patients treated at the Maastricht University Medical Centre between 2014 and 2016. Using the middle fossa approach, the petrous apex was reached, the cyst was opened, and the content aspirated. Subsequently, a robust silicon drain was placed between the cyst and mastoid air cell system. The outcome measures were clinical improvement of the symptoms and radiological parameters. The patients were female (n = 2) and male (n = 2) with an age range between 33 and 53 years at the time of the operation. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans were used to confirm CG diagnosis. The most common presenting symptoms in our population were diplopia and headaches. The symptoms improved after surgery and there were no complications. Thus far, no recurrence has been observed and imaging shows aeration in the lesion area. CONCLUSION: The use of a robust drain seems to be an effective, safe, and feasible option to prevent recurrences in patients with CG.