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Introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages
Many ascidian species have experienced worldwide introductions, exhibiting remarkable success in crossing geographic borders and adapting to local environmental conditions. To investigate the potential role of microbial symbionts in these introductions, we examined the microbial communities of three...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5591302/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28887506 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11441-4 |
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author | Evans, James S. Erwin, Patrick M. Shenkar, Noa López-Legentil, Susanna |
author_facet | Evans, James S. Erwin, Patrick M. Shenkar, Noa López-Legentil, Susanna |
author_sort | Evans, James S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many ascidian species have experienced worldwide introductions, exhibiting remarkable success in crossing geographic borders and adapting to local environmental conditions. To investigate the potential role of microbial symbionts in these introductions, we examined the microbial communities of three ascidian species common in North Carolina harbors. Replicate samples of the globally introduced species Distaplia bermudensis, Polyandrocarpa anguinea, and P. zorritensis (n = 5), and ambient seawater (n = 4), were collected in Wrightsville Beach, NC. Microbial communities were characterized by next-generation (Illumina) sequencing of partial (V4) 16S rRNA gene sequences. Ascidians hosted diverse symbiont communities, consisting of 5,696 unique microbial OTUs (at 97% sequenced identity) from 44 bacterial and three archaeal phyla. Permutational multivariate analyses of variance revealed clear differentiation of ascidian symbionts compared to seawater bacterioplankton, and distinct microbial communities inhabiting each ascidian species. 103 universal core OTUs (present in all ascidian replicates) were identified, including taxa previously described in marine invertebrate microbiomes with possible links to ammonia-oxidization, denitrification, pathogenesis, and heavy-metal processing. These results suggest ascidian microbial symbionts exhibit a high degree of host-specificity, forming intimate associations that may contribute to host adaptation to new environments via expanded tolerance thresholds and enhanced holobiont function. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5591302 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55913022017-09-13 Introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages Evans, James S. Erwin, Patrick M. Shenkar, Noa López-Legentil, Susanna Sci Rep Article Many ascidian species have experienced worldwide introductions, exhibiting remarkable success in crossing geographic borders and adapting to local environmental conditions. To investigate the potential role of microbial symbionts in these introductions, we examined the microbial communities of three ascidian species common in North Carolina harbors. Replicate samples of the globally introduced species Distaplia bermudensis, Polyandrocarpa anguinea, and P. zorritensis (n = 5), and ambient seawater (n = 4), were collected in Wrightsville Beach, NC. Microbial communities were characterized by next-generation (Illumina) sequencing of partial (V4) 16S rRNA gene sequences. Ascidians hosted diverse symbiont communities, consisting of 5,696 unique microbial OTUs (at 97% sequenced identity) from 44 bacterial and three archaeal phyla. Permutational multivariate analyses of variance revealed clear differentiation of ascidian symbionts compared to seawater bacterioplankton, and distinct microbial communities inhabiting each ascidian species. 103 universal core OTUs (present in all ascidian replicates) were identified, including taxa previously described in marine invertebrate microbiomes with possible links to ammonia-oxidization, denitrification, pathogenesis, and heavy-metal processing. These results suggest ascidian microbial symbionts exhibit a high degree of host-specificity, forming intimate associations that may contribute to host adaptation to new environments via expanded tolerance thresholds and enhanced holobiont function. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5591302/ /pubmed/28887506 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11441-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Evans, James S. Erwin, Patrick M. Shenkar, Noa López-Legentil, Susanna Introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages |
title | Introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages |
title_full | Introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages |
title_fullStr | Introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages |
title_full_unstemmed | Introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages |
title_short | Introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages |
title_sort | introduced ascidians harbor highly diverse and host-specific symbiotic microbial assemblages |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5591302/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28887506 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11441-4 |
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