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Evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily

While many are familiar with actin as a well-conserved component of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton, it is less often appreciated that actin is a member of a large superfamily of structurally related protein families found throughout the tree of life. Actin-related proteins include chaperones, carbohydr...

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Autores principales: Stoddard, Patrick R., Williams, Tom A., Garner, Ethan, Baum, Buzz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society for Cell Biology 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5597319/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28904122
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E15-11-0778
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author Stoddard, Patrick R.
Williams, Tom A.
Garner, Ethan
Baum, Buzz
author_facet Stoddard, Patrick R.
Williams, Tom A.
Garner, Ethan
Baum, Buzz
author_sort Stoddard, Patrick R.
collection PubMed
description While many are familiar with actin as a well-conserved component of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton, it is less often appreciated that actin is a member of a large superfamily of structurally related protein families found throughout the tree of life. Actin-related proteins include chaperones, carbohydrate kinases, and other enzymes, as well as a staggeringly diverse set of proteins that use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to form dynamic, linear polymers. Despite differing widely from one another in filament structure and dynamics, these polymers play important roles in ordering cell space in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. It is not known whether these polymers descended from a single ancestral polymer or arose multiple times by convergent evolution from monomeric actin-like proteins. In this work, we provide an overview of the structures, dynamics, and functions of this diverse set. Then, using a phylogenetic analysis to examine actin evolution, we show that the actin-related protein families that form polymers are more closely related to one another than they are to other nonpolymerizing members of the actin superfamily. Thus all the known actin-like polymers are likely to be the descendants of a single, ancestral, polymer-forming actin-like protein.
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spelling pubmed-55973192017-11-30 Evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily Stoddard, Patrick R. Williams, Tom A. Garner, Ethan Baum, Buzz Mol Biol Cell Perspective While many are familiar with actin as a well-conserved component of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton, it is less often appreciated that actin is a member of a large superfamily of structurally related protein families found throughout the tree of life. Actin-related proteins include chaperones, carbohydrate kinases, and other enzymes, as well as a staggeringly diverse set of proteins that use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to form dynamic, linear polymers. Despite differing widely from one another in filament structure and dynamics, these polymers play important roles in ordering cell space in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. It is not known whether these polymers descended from a single ancestral polymer or arose multiple times by convergent evolution from monomeric actin-like proteins. In this work, we provide an overview of the structures, dynamics, and functions of this diverse set. Then, using a phylogenetic analysis to examine actin evolution, we show that the actin-related protein families that form polymers are more closely related to one another than they are to other nonpolymerizing members of the actin superfamily. Thus all the known actin-like polymers are likely to be the descendants of a single, ancestral, polymer-forming actin-like protein. The American Society for Cell Biology 2017-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5597319/ /pubmed/28904122 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E15-11-0778 Text en © 2017 Stoddard et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0). “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology.
spellingShingle Perspective
Stoddard, Patrick R.
Williams, Tom A.
Garner, Ethan
Baum, Buzz
Evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily
title Evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily
title_full Evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily
title_fullStr Evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily
title_full_unstemmed Evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily
title_short Evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily
title_sort evolution of polymer formation within the actin superfamily
topic Perspective
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5597319/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28904122
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E15-11-0778
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