The effect of frozen-thawed embryo transfer performed concurrently with hysteroscopy on the reproductive outcomes during assisted reproductive treatments

The uterine environment is vital to the successful conception; recently, hysteroscopy was used to remove uterine anomalies in patients undergoing assisted reproductive treatments in combination with a “freeze-all” strategy. However, the rapid recurrence of uterine anomalies impose a negative impact on pregnancy. A possible way to avoid this issue is to implement frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) as soon as possible. Thus, we sought to investigate the impact of performing FET concurrently with hysteroscopy in the same mense on the pregnancy outcome. Patients enrolled were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 272, FET in this mense) and group 2 (n = 251, FET in the next mense). There were no differences in the clinical pregnancy rate (55.15% vs. 53.78%), implantation rate (39.32% vs. 37.2%), spontaneous miscarriage rate (10% vs. 8.89%), or live birth rate (45.96% vs. 45.02%) when comparing the two groups. Binary logistic regression indicated maternal age was negatively associated with the live birth rate, while FET following hysteroscopy in the same mense had no adverse effects on the live birth rate. Our data indicate performing FET concurrently with hysteroscopy in the same menstrual cycle does not impair the pregnancy outcomes, but additional studies with larger populations are needed to confirm these results.