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EDCs Mixtures: A Stealthy Hazard for Human Health?
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous chemicals that may occur naturally (e.g., phytoestrogens), while others are industrial substances and plasticizers commonly utilized worldwide to which human exposure, particularly at low-doses, is omnipresent, persistent and occurs in complex mixt...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5606671/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29051438 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics5010005 |
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author | Ribeiro, Edna Ladeira, Carina Viegas, Susana |
author_facet | Ribeiro, Edna Ladeira, Carina Viegas, Susana |
author_sort | Ribeiro, Edna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous chemicals that may occur naturally (e.g., phytoestrogens), while others are industrial substances and plasticizers commonly utilized worldwide to which human exposure, particularly at low-doses, is omnipresent, persistent and occurs in complex mixtures. EDCs can interfere with/or mimic estrogenic hormones and, consequently, can simultaneously trigger diverse signaling pathways which result in diverse and divergent biological responses. Additionally, EDCs can also bioaccumulate in lipid compartments of the organism forming a mixed “body burden” of contaminants. Although the independent action of chemicals has been considered the main principle in EDCs mixture toxicity, recent studies have demonstrated that numerous effects cannot be predicted when analyzing single compounds independently. Co-exposure to these agents, particularly in critical windows of exposure, may induce hazardous health effects potentially associated with a complex “body burden” of different origins. Here, we performed an exhaustive review of the available literature regarding EDCs mixtures exposure, toxicity mechanisms and effects, particularly at the most vulnerable human life stages. Although the assessment of potential risks to human health due to exposure to EDCs mixtures is a major topic for consumer safety, information regarding effective mixtures effects is still scarce. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5606671 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56066712017-10-18 EDCs Mixtures: A Stealthy Hazard for Human Health? Ribeiro, Edna Ladeira, Carina Viegas, Susana Toxics Review Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous chemicals that may occur naturally (e.g., phytoestrogens), while others are industrial substances and plasticizers commonly utilized worldwide to which human exposure, particularly at low-doses, is omnipresent, persistent and occurs in complex mixtures. EDCs can interfere with/or mimic estrogenic hormones and, consequently, can simultaneously trigger diverse signaling pathways which result in diverse and divergent biological responses. Additionally, EDCs can also bioaccumulate in lipid compartments of the organism forming a mixed “body burden” of contaminants. Although the independent action of chemicals has been considered the main principle in EDCs mixture toxicity, recent studies have demonstrated that numerous effects cannot be predicted when analyzing single compounds independently. Co-exposure to these agents, particularly in critical windows of exposure, may induce hazardous health effects potentially associated with a complex “body burden” of different origins. Here, we performed an exhaustive review of the available literature regarding EDCs mixtures exposure, toxicity mechanisms and effects, particularly at the most vulnerable human life stages. Although the assessment of potential risks to human health due to exposure to EDCs mixtures is a major topic for consumer safety, information regarding effective mixtures effects is still scarce. MDPI 2017-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5606671/ /pubmed/29051438 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics5010005 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ribeiro, Edna Ladeira, Carina Viegas, Susana EDCs Mixtures: A Stealthy Hazard for Human Health? |
title | EDCs Mixtures: A Stealthy Hazard for Human Health? |
title_full | EDCs Mixtures: A Stealthy Hazard for Human Health? |
title_fullStr | EDCs Mixtures: A Stealthy Hazard for Human Health? |
title_full_unstemmed | EDCs Mixtures: A Stealthy Hazard for Human Health? |
title_short | EDCs Mixtures: A Stealthy Hazard for Human Health? |
title_sort | edcs mixtures: a stealthy hazard for human health? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5606671/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29051438 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics5010005 |
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