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Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies

Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used to treat solid organ malignancies. However, serious side effects have been associated with its use, such as bilateral, progressive, irreversible, dose-dependent neurosensory hearing loss. Current evidence indicates that cispl...

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Autores principales: Callejo, Angela, Sedó-Cabezón, Lara, Domènech Juan, Ivan, Llorens, Jordi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5606684/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29051464
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics3030268
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author Callejo, Angela
Sedó-Cabezón, Lara
Domènech Juan, Ivan
Llorens, Jordi
author_facet Callejo, Angela
Sedó-Cabezón, Lara
Domènech Juan, Ivan
Llorens, Jordi
author_sort Callejo, Angela
collection PubMed
description Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used to treat solid organ malignancies. However, serious side effects have been associated with its use, such as bilateral, progressive, irreversible, dose-dependent neurosensory hearing loss. Current evidence indicates that cisplatin triggers the production of reactive oxygen species in target tissues in the inner ear. A variety of agents that protect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity have been successfully tested in cell culture and animal models. However, many of them interfere with the therapeutic effect of cisplatin, and therefore are not suitable for systemic administration in clinical practice. Consequently, local administration strategies, namely intratympanic administration, have been developed to achieve otoprotection, without reducing the antitumoral effect of cisplatin. While a considerable amount of pre-clinical information is available, clinical data on treatments to prevent cisplatin ototoxicity are only just beginning to appear. This review summarizes clinical and experimental studies of cisplatin ototoxicity, and focuses on understanding its toxicity mechanisms, clinical repercussions and prevention strategies.
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spelling pubmed-56066842017-10-18 Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies Callejo, Angela Sedó-Cabezón, Lara Domènech Juan, Ivan Llorens, Jordi Toxics Review Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used to treat solid organ malignancies. However, serious side effects have been associated with its use, such as bilateral, progressive, irreversible, dose-dependent neurosensory hearing loss. Current evidence indicates that cisplatin triggers the production of reactive oxygen species in target tissues in the inner ear. A variety of agents that protect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity have been successfully tested in cell culture and animal models. However, many of them interfere with the therapeutic effect of cisplatin, and therefore are not suitable for systemic administration in clinical practice. Consequently, local administration strategies, namely intratympanic administration, have been developed to achieve otoprotection, without reducing the antitumoral effect of cisplatin. While a considerable amount of pre-clinical information is available, clinical data on treatments to prevent cisplatin ototoxicity are only just beginning to appear. This review summarizes clinical and experimental studies of cisplatin ototoxicity, and focuses on understanding its toxicity mechanisms, clinical repercussions and prevention strategies. MDPI 2015-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5606684/ /pubmed/29051464 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics3030268 Text en © 2015 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Callejo, Angela
Sedó-Cabezón, Lara
Domènech Juan, Ivan
Llorens, Jordi
Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies
title Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies
title_full Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies
title_fullStr Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies
title_full_unstemmed Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies
title_short Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies
title_sort cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: effects, mechanisms and protection strategies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5606684/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29051464
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics3030268
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