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Mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics

The evolution of costly cooperation, where cooperators pay a personal cost to benefit others, requires that cooperators interact more frequently with other cooperators. This condition, called positive assortment, is known to occur in spatially-structured viscous populations, where individuals typica...

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Autores principales: Joshi, Jaideep, Couzin, Iain D, Levin, Simon A, Guttal, Vishwesha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5607214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28886010
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005732
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author Joshi, Jaideep
Couzin, Iain D
Levin, Simon A
Guttal, Vishwesha
author_facet Joshi, Jaideep
Couzin, Iain D
Levin, Simon A
Guttal, Vishwesha
author_sort Joshi, Jaideep
collection PubMed
description The evolution of costly cooperation, where cooperators pay a personal cost to benefit others, requires that cooperators interact more frequently with other cooperators. This condition, called positive assortment, is known to occur in spatially-structured viscous populations, where individuals typically have low mobility and limited dispersal. However many social organisms across taxa, from cells and bacteria, to birds, fish and ungulates, are mobile, and live in populations with considerable inter-group mixing. In the absence of information regarding others’ traits or conditional strategies, such mixing may inhibit assortment and limit the potential for cooperation to evolve. Here we employ spatially-explicit individual-based evolutionary simulations to incorporate costs and benefits of two coevolving costly traits: cooperative and local cohesive tendencies. We demonstrate that, despite possessing no information about others’ traits or payoffs, mobility (via self-propulsion or environmental forcing) facilitates assortment of cooperators via a dynamically evolving difference in the cohesive tendencies of cooperators and defectors. We show analytically that this assortment can also be viewed in a multilevel selection framework, where selection for cooperation among emergent groups can overcome selection against cooperators within the groups. As a result of these dynamics, we find an oscillatory pattern of cooperation and defection that maintains cooperation even in the absence of well known mechanisms such as kin interactions, reciprocity, local dispersal or conditional strategies that require information on others’ strategies or payoffs. Our results offer insights into differential adhesion based mechanisms for positive assortment and reveal the possibility of cooperative aggregations in dynamic fission-fusion populations.
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spelling pubmed-56072142017-10-09 Mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics Joshi, Jaideep Couzin, Iain D Levin, Simon A Guttal, Vishwesha PLoS Comput Biol Research Article The evolution of costly cooperation, where cooperators pay a personal cost to benefit others, requires that cooperators interact more frequently with other cooperators. This condition, called positive assortment, is known to occur in spatially-structured viscous populations, where individuals typically have low mobility and limited dispersal. However many social organisms across taxa, from cells and bacteria, to birds, fish and ungulates, are mobile, and live in populations with considerable inter-group mixing. In the absence of information regarding others’ traits or conditional strategies, such mixing may inhibit assortment and limit the potential for cooperation to evolve. Here we employ spatially-explicit individual-based evolutionary simulations to incorporate costs and benefits of two coevolving costly traits: cooperative and local cohesive tendencies. We demonstrate that, despite possessing no information about others’ traits or payoffs, mobility (via self-propulsion or environmental forcing) facilitates assortment of cooperators via a dynamically evolving difference in the cohesive tendencies of cooperators and defectors. We show analytically that this assortment can also be viewed in a multilevel selection framework, where selection for cooperation among emergent groups can overcome selection against cooperators within the groups. As a result of these dynamics, we find an oscillatory pattern of cooperation and defection that maintains cooperation even in the absence of well known mechanisms such as kin interactions, reciprocity, local dispersal or conditional strategies that require information on others’ strategies or payoffs. Our results offer insights into differential adhesion based mechanisms for positive assortment and reveal the possibility of cooperative aggregations in dynamic fission-fusion populations. Public Library of Science 2017-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5607214/ /pubmed/28886010 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005732 Text en © 2017 Joshi et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Joshi, Jaideep
Couzin, Iain D
Levin, Simon A
Guttal, Vishwesha
Mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics
title Mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics
title_full Mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics
title_fullStr Mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics
title_full_unstemmed Mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics
title_short Mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics
title_sort mobility can promote the evolution of cooperation via emergent self-assortment dynamics
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5607214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28886010
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005732
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