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Structural and elemental characterization of traditional Indian Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu

BACKGROUND: The traditional Indian medicine ‘Siddha’ uses metals, metalloids and minerals including toxic ones with no proven toxicity. Thalagak karuppu (TK) is remarkably stable over a century and used for treating Suram (Fever), Kaasam (Cough), Elai (Tuberculosis) and Eraippu Erumal (Bronchial Ast...

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Autores principales: Kannan, N., Balaji, S., Anil Kumar, N.V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5607304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28347563
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaim.2016.11.005
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author Kannan, N.
Balaji, S.
Anil Kumar, N.V.
author_facet Kannan, N.
Balaji, S.
Anil Kumar, N.V.
author_sort Kannan, N.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The traditional Indian medicine ‘Siddha’ uses metals, metalloids and minerals including toxic ones with no proven toxicity. Thalagak karuppu (TK) is remarkably stable over a century and used for treating Suram (Fever), Kaasam (Cough), Elai (Tuberculosis) and Eraippu Erumal (Bronchial Asthma). OBJECTIVE: The present study addresses elemental and morphological characterization of therapeutic Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu (TK). MATERIALS AND METHODS: TK was purchased from the Indian Medical Practitioners Co-operative Pharmacy and Stores (IMCOPS) Ltd, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. The physicochemical properties were evaluated using UV–visible spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Zeta sizer and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). RESULTS: The mixed nature of arsenic was analyzed using UV–visible spectroscopy. The fingerprint region for arsenic derivatives was inferred from IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction patterns. The shape and size heterogeneity in the anisotropic mixture was observed in SEM images and the polydispersity was analyzed by Zeta sizer. CONCLUSIONS: The structural, elemental and morphological analyses suggests that the arsenic may predominantly exist either as orpiment (As(2)S(2)) or realgar (As(2)S(4)) form. The possibility is less for the toxic arsenolite. Hence, the formulation may be considered safe.
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spelling pubmed-56073042017-09-26 Structural and elemental characterization of traditional Indian Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu Kannan, N. Balaji, S. Anil Kumar, N.V. J Ayurveda Integr Med Original Research Article (Experimental) BACKGROUND: The traditional Indian medicine ‘Siddha’ uses metals, metalloids and minerals including toxic ones with no proven toxicity. Thalagak karuppu (TK) is remarkably stable over a century and used for treating Suram (Fever), Kaasam (Cough), Elai (Tuberculosis) and Eraippu Erumal (Bronchial Asthma). OBJECTIVE: The present study addresses elemental and morphological characterization of therapeutic Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu (TK). MATERIALS AND METHODS: TK was purchased from the Indian Medical Practitioners Co-operative Pharmacy and Stores (IMCOPS) Ltd, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. The physicochemical properties were evaluated using UV–visible spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Zeta sizer and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). RESULTS: The mixed nature of arsenic was analyzed using UV–visible spectroscopy. The fingerprint region for arsenic derivatives was inferred from IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction patterns. The shape and size heterogeneity in the anisotropic mixture was observed in SEM images and the polydispersity was analyzed by Zeta sizer. CONCLUSIONS: The structural, elemental and morphological analyses suggests that the arsenic may predominantly exist either as orpiment (As(2)S(2)) or realgar (As(2)S(4)) form. The possibility is less for the toxic arsenolite. Hence, the formulation may be considered safe. Elsevier 2017 2017-03-27 /pmc/articles/PMC5607304/ /pubmed/28347563 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaim.2016.11.005 Text en © 2016 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services by Elsevier B.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Research Article (Experimental)
Kannan, N.
Balaji, S.
Anil Kumar, N.V.
Structural and elemental characterization of traditional Indian Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu
title Structural and elemental characterization of traditional Indian Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu
title_full Structural and elemental characterization of traditional Indian Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu
title_fullStr Structural and elemental characterization of traditional Indian Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu
title_full_unstemmed Structural and elemental characterization of traditional Indian Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu
title_short Structural and elemental characterization of traditional Indian Siddha formulation: Thalagak karuppu
title_sort structural and elemental characterization of traditional indian siddha formulation: thalagak karuppu
topic Original Research Article (Experimental)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5607304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28347563
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaim.2016.11.005
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