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Peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: Case report and systematic literature review

INTRODUCTION: Autoantibodies to the alpha‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor and N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor are known to be the causes of autoimmune encephalitis particularly limbic encephalitis. The involvement of the peripheral nervous system is rarely rep...

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Autores principales: Wei, Yi‐Chia, Huang, Chin‐Chang, Liu, Chi‐Hung, Kuo, Hung‐Chou, Lin, Jainn‐Jim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5607545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28948076
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.779
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author Wei, Yi‐Chia
Huang, Chin‐Chang
Liu, Chi‐Hung
Kuo, Hung‐Chou
Lin, Jainn‐Jim
author_facet Wei, Yi‐Chia
Huang, Chin‐Chang
Liu, Chi‐Hung
Kuo, Hung‐Chou
Lin, Jainn‐Jim
author_sort Wei, Yi‐Chia
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Autoantibodies to the alpha‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor and N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor are known to be the causes of autoimmune encephalitis particularly limbic encephalitis. The involvement of the peripheral nervous system is rarely reported. METHODS: We analyzed the serial nerve conduction studies of a previously reported case of anti‐AMPA receptor encephalitis, who was presented with conscious disturbance and quadriplegia. Initial nerve conduction studies (NCS) revealed motor axonal polyneuropathy with active denervation. We also performed systematic review of similar cases with overlapped peripheral neuropathy and glutamate receptor encephalitis through Embase, PubMed, and MEDLINE. RESULTS: Follow‐up NCS of the patient with anti‐AMPA receptor encephalitis found reverse of the acute neuropathy, which was compatible with clinical recovery of quadriplegia. The systematic review identified 10 cases with overlapping peripheral neuropathy with anti‐AMPA or NMDA receptor encephalitis. Motor or sensorimotor neuropathies were more common than pure sensory neuropathies. Anti‐Hu, anti‐amphiphysin, or anti‐gnaglioside antibodies coexisted in some cases and might be associated with the peripheral symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Both anti‐AMPA and anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis could overlap with acute peripheral neuropathy. It is important to consider peripheral symptoms and perform diagnostic tests.
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spelling pubmed-56075452017-09-25 Peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: Case report and systematic literature review Wei, Yi‐Chia Huang, Chin‐Chang Liu, Chi‐Hung Kuo, Hung‐Chou Lin, Jainn‐Jim Brain Behav Original Research INTRODUCTION: Autoantibodies to the alpha‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor and N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor are known to be the causes of autoimmune encephalitis particularly limbic encephalitis. The involvement of the peripheral nervous system is rarely reported. METHODS: We analyzed the serial nerve conduction studies of a previously reported case of anti‐AMPA receptor encephalitis, who was presented with conscious disturbance and quadriplegia. Initial nerve conduction studies (NCS) revealed motor axonal polyneuropathy with active denervation. We also performed systematic review of similar cases with overlapped peripheral neuropathy and glutamate receptor encephalitis through Embase, PubMed, and MEDLINE. RESULTS: Follow‐up NCS of the patient with anti‐AMPA receptor encephalitis found reverse of the acute neuropathy, which was compatible with clinical recovery of quadriplegia. The systematic review identified 10 cases with overlapping peripheral neuropathy with anti‐AMPA or NMDA receptor encephalitis. Motor or sensorimotor neuropathies were more common than pure sensory neuropathies. Anti‐Hu, anti‐amphiphysin, or anti‐gnaglioside antibodies coexisted in some cases and might be associated with the peripheral symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Both anti‐AMPA and anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis could overlap with acute peripheral neuropathy. It is important to consider peripheral symptoms and perform diagnostic tests. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5607545/ /pubmed/28948076 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.779 Text en © 2017 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Wei, Yi‐Chia
Huang, Chin‐Chang
Liu, Chi‐Hung
Kuo, Hung‐Chou
Lin, Jainn‐Jim
Peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: Case report and systematic literature review
title Peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: Case report and systematic literature review
title_full Peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: Case report and systematic literature review
title_fullStr Peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: Case report and systematic literature review
title_full_unstemmed Peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: Case report and systematic literature review
title_short Peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: Case report and systematic literature review
title_sort peripheral neuropathy in limbic encephalitis with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies: case report and systematic literature review
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5607545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28948076
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.779
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