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Conserved Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release by Clinical Candida albicans Biofilms

Candida albicans biofilms are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance to host defenses and antifungal drugs. Although neutrophils are the primary responder to C. albicans during invasive candidiasis, biofilms resist killing by neutrophils. Prior investigation, with the commonly used laborator...

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Autores principales: Kernien, John F., Johnson, Chad J., Nett, Jeniel E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5607871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28944225
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof3030049
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author Kernien, John F.
Johnson, Chad J.
Nett, Jeniel E.
author_facet Kernien, John F.
Johnson, Chad J.
Nett, Jeniel E.
author_sort Kernien, John F.
collection PubMed
description Candida albicans biofilms are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance to host defenses and antifungal drugs. Although neutrophils are the primary responder to C. albicans during invasive candidiasis, biofilms resist killing by neutrophils. Prior investigation, with the commonly used laboratory strain SC5314, linked this phenotype to the impaired release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are structures of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial proteins involved in extracellular microbial killing. Considering the diversity of C. albicans biofilms, we examined the neutrophil response to a subset of clinical isolates forming biofilms with varying depths and architectures. Using fluorescent staining of DNA and scanning electron microscopy, we found that inhibition of NET release was conserved across the clinical isolates. However, the dampening of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils was strain-dependent, suggesting an uncoupling of ROS and NET inhibition. Our findings show that biofilms formed by clinical C. albicans isolates uniformly impair the release of NETs. Further investigation of this pathway may reveal novel approaches to augment immunity to C. albicans biofilm infections.
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spelling pubmed-56078712017-09-21 Conserved Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release by Clinical Candida albicans Biofilms Kernien, John F. Johnson, Chad J. Nett, Jeniel E. J Fungi (Basel) Article Candida albicans biofilms are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance to host defenses and antifungal drugs. Although neutrophils are the primary responder to C. albicans during invasive candidiasis, biofilms resist killing by neutrophils. Prior investigation, with the commonly used laboratory strain SC5314, linked this phenotype to the impaired release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are structures of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial proteins involved in extracellular microbial killing. Considering the diversity of C. albicans biofilms, we examined the neutrophil response to a subset of clinical isolates forming biofilms with varying depths and architectures. Using fluorescent staining of DNA and scanning electron microscopy, we found that inhibition of NET release was conserved across the clinical isolates. However, the dampening of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils was strain-dependent, suggesting an uncoupling of ROS and NET inhibition. Our findings show that biofilms formed by clinical C. albicans isolates uniformly impair the release of NETs. Further investigation of this pathway may reveal novel approaches to augment immunity to C. albicans biofilm infections. MDPI 2017-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5607871/ /pubmed/28944225 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof3030049 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kernien, John F.
Johnson, Chad J.
Nett, Jeniel E.
Conserved Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release by Clinical Candida albicans Biofilms
title Conserved Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release by Clinical Candida albicans Biofilms
title_full Conserved Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release by Clinical Candida albicans Biofilms
title_fullStr Conserved Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release by Clinical Candida albicans Biofilms
title_full_unstemmed Conserved Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release by Clinical Candida albicans Biofilms
title_short Conserved Inhibition of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release by Clinical Candida albicans Biofilms
title_sort conserved inhibition of neutrophil extracellular trap release by clinical candida albicans biofilms
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5607871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28944225
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof3030049
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