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Ecotoxicological Method with Marine Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum to Evaluate the Acute Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants
Bacteria are an important component of the ecosystem, and microbial community alterations can have a significant effect on biogeochemical cycling and food webs. Toxicity testing based on microorganisms are widely used because they are relatively quick, reproducible, cheap, and are not associated wit...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MyJove Corporation
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5608138/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28605381 http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/55211 |
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author | Rotini, Alice Manfra, Loredana Spanu, Filippo Pisapia, Marco Cicero, Anna Maria Migliore, Luciana |
author_facet | Rotini, Alice Manfra, Loredana Spanu, Filippo Pisapia, Marco Cicero, Anna Maria Migliore, Luciana |
author_sort | Rotini, Alice |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bacteria are an important component of the ecosystem, and microbial community alterations can have a significant effect on biogeochemical cycling and food webs. Toxicity testing based on microorganisms are widely used because they are relatively quick, reproducible, cheap, and are not associated with ethical issues. Here, we describe an ecotoxicological method to evaluate the biological response of the marine bacterium Vibrio anguillarum. This method assesses the acute toxicity of chemical compounds, including new contaminants such as nanoparticles, as well as environmental samples. The endpoint is the reduction of bacterial culturability (i.e., the capability to replicate and form colonies) due to exposure to a toxicant. This reduction can be generally referred to as mortality. The test allows for the determination of the LC(50), the concentration that causes a 50% decrease of bacteria actively replicating and forming colonies, after a 6 h exposure. The culturable bacteria are counted in terms of colony forming units (CFU), and the "mortality" is evaluated and compared to the control. In this work, the toxicity of copper sulphate (CuSO(4)) was evaluated. A clear dose-response relationship was observed, with a mean LC(50) of 1.13 mg/L, after three independent tests. This protocol, compared to existing methods with microorganisms, is applicable in a wider range of salinity and has no limitations for colored/turbid samples. It uses saline solution as the exposure medium, avoiding any possible interferences of growth medium with the investigated contaminants. The LC(50) calculation facilitates comparisons with other bioassays commonly applied to ecotoxicological assessments of the marine environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5608138 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MyJove Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56081382017-10-10 Ecotoxicological Method with Marine Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum to Evaluate the Acute Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants Rotini, Alice Manfra, Loredana Spanu, Filippo Pisapia, Marco Cicero, Anna Maria Migliore, Luciana J Vis Exp Environmental Sciences Bacteria are an important component of the ecosystem, and microbial community alterations can have a significant effect on biogeochemical cycling and food webs. Toxicity testing based on microorganisms are widely used because they are relatively quick, reproducible, cheap, and are not associated with ethical issues. Here, we describe an ecotoxicological method to evaluate the biological response of the marine bacterium Vibrio anguillarum. This method assesses the acute toxicity of chemical compounds, including new contaminants such as nanoparticles, as well as environmental samples. The endpoint is the reduction of bacterial culturability (i.e., the capability to replicate and form colonies) due to exposure to a toxicant. This reduction can be generally referred to as mortality. The test allows for the determination of the LC(50), the concentration that causes a 50% decrease of bacteria actively replicating and forming colonies, after a 6 h exposure. The culturable bacteria are counted in terms of colony forming units (CFU), and the "mortality" is evaluated and compared to the control. In this work, the toxicity of copper sulphate (CuSO(4)) was evaluated. A clear dose-response relationship was observed, with a mean LC(50) of 1.13 mg/L, after three independent tests. This protocol, compared to existing methods with microorganisms, is applicable in a wider range of salinity and has no limitations for colored/turbid samples. It uses saline solution as the exposure medium, avoiding any possible interferences of growth medium with the investigated contaminants. The LC(50) calculation facilitates comparisons with other bioassays commonly applied to ecotoxicological assessments of the marine environment. MyJove Corporation 2017-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5608138/ /pubmed/28605381 http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/55211 Text en Copyright © 2017, Journal of Visualized Experiments http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visithttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Environmental Sciences Rotini, Alice Manfra, Loredana Spanu, Filippo Pisapia, Marco Cicero, Anna Maria Migliore, Luciana Ecotoxicological Method with Marine Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum to Evaluate the Acute Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants |
title | Ecotoxicological Method with Marine Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum to Evaluate the Acute Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants |
title_full | Ecotoxicological Method with Marine Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum to Evaluate the Acute Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants |
title_fullStr | Ecotoxicological Method with Marine Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum to Evaluate the Acute Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants |
title_full_unstemmed | Ecotoxicological Method with Marine Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum to Evaluate the Acute Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants |
title_short | Ecotoxicological Method with Marine Bacteria Vibrio anguillarum to Evaluate the Acute Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants |
title_sort | ecotoxicological method with marine bacteria vibrio anguillarum to evaluate the acute toxicity of environmental contaminants |
topic | Environmental Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5608138/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28605381 http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/55211 |
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