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Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous

Pasta and couscous are popular foods manufactured (in their traditional form) from durum wheat semolina. In recent years, the consumers’ quest for novel, functional, gluten-free, wholegrain foods has prompted the industry to manufacture new pasta and couscous products in which durum wheat has been p...

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Autores principales: Carcea, Marina, Narducci, Valentina, Turfani, Valeria, Giannini, Vittoria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5615292/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28892013
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods6090080
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author Carcea, Marina
Narducci, Valentina
Turfani, Valeria
Giannini, Vittoria
author_facet Carcea, Marina
Narducci, Valentina
Turfani, Valeria
Giannini, Vittoria
author_sort Carcea, Marina
collection PubMed
description Pasta and couscous are popular foods manufactured (in their traditional form) from durum wheat semolina. In recent years, the consumers’ quest for novel, functional, gluten-free, wholegrain foods has prompted the industry to manufacture new pasta and couscous products in which durum wheat has been partially or totally replaced by other vegetable flours. Besides dietary fibre, these raw materials might be an interesting source of phytochemicals. In this work, 16 commercial samples of pasta and four samples of couscous representative of the new products and made of refined and wholegrain flours of different species of cereals, pseudocereals and legumes were analysed for free, hydrolysable bound and total polyphenol content by means of the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure. Analyses were repeated on cooked samples to assess the quantity of polyphenols ingested by the consumers. The raw legume and pseudocereal products had a total polyphenol content higher than most cereal products (up to 1743.4 mg of Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) per 100 g dry weight). Wholegrain products had higher contents than refined products. The free fraction underwent up to 46% loss with cooking, probably because of solubility in water. The water absorption of pasta and couscous during cooking was in a ratio of 2:3, resulting in higher dilution of polyphenols in the cooked couscous.
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spelling pubmed-56152922017-09-28 Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous Carcea, Marina Narducci, Valentina Turfani, Valeria Giannini, Vittoria Foods Article Pasta and couscous are popular foods manufactured (in their traditional form) from durum wheat semolina. In recent years, the consumers’ quest for novel, functional, gluten-free, wholegrain foods has prompted the industry to manufacture new pasta and couscous products in which durum wheat has been partially or totally replaced by other vegetable flours. Besides dietary fibre, these raw materials might be an interesting source of phytochemicals. In this work, 16 commercial samples of pasta and four samples of couscous representative of the new products and made of refined and wholegrain flours of different species of cereals, pseudocereals and legumes were analysed for free, hydrolysable bound and total polyphenol content by means of the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure. Analyses were repeated on cooked samples to assess the quantity of polyphenols ingested by the consumers. The raw legume and pseudocereal products had a total polyphenol content higher than most cereal products (up to 1743.4 mg of Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) per 100 g dry weight). Wholegrain products had higher contents than refined products. The free fraction underwent up to 46% loss with cooking, probably because of solubility in water. The water absorption of pasta and couscous during cooking was in a ratio of 2:3, resulting in higher dilution of polyphenols in the cooked couscous. MDPI 2017-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5615292/ /pubmed/28892013 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods6090080 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Carcea, Marina
Narducci, Valentina
Turfani, Valeria
Giannini, Vittoria
Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous
title Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous
title_full Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous
title_fullStr Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous
title_full_unstemmed Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous
title_short Polyphenols in Raw and Cooked Cereals/Pseudocereals/Legume Pasta and Couscous
title_sort polyphenols in raw and cooked cereals/pseudocereals/legume pasta and couscous
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5615292/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28892013
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods6090080
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