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Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies

This study aimed to further our understanding of a characteristic of Community Resilience known as Disaster Governance. Three attributes of Disaster Governance—redundancy, diversity, and overlap—were studied in four coastal towns in southern Chile that are at risk of tsunamis. Overall, we explored h...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Villagra, Paula, Quintana, Carolina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5615600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28906480
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14091063
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author Villagra, Paula
Quintana, Carolina
author_facet Villagra, Paula
Quintana, Carolina
author_sort Villagra, Paula
collection PubMed
description This study aimed to further our understanding of a characteristic of Community Resilience known as Disaster Governance. Three attributes of Disaster Governance—redundancy, diversity, and overlap—were studied in four coastal towns in southern Chile that are at risk of tsunamis. Overall, we explored how different spatial structures of human settlements influence Disaster Governance. Using the Projective Mapping Technique, the distribution of emergency institutions (N = 32) and uses given to specific sites (e.g., for refuge, sanitary purposes and medical attention) were mapped. Content and GIS analyses (Directional Distribution and Kernel Density Index) were used to explore the dispersion and concentration of institutions and uses in each town. Disaster Governance was found to be highly influenced by decisions taken during regional, urban, and emergency planning. Governance is better in towns of higher order in the communal hierarchical structure. Most of the emergency institutions were found to be located in central and urban areas, which, in turn, assures more redundancy, overlap, and diversity in governance in the event of a tsunami. Lack of flexibility of emergency plans also limits governance in rural and indigenous areas. While the spatial relationships found in this study indicate that urban sectors have better Disaster Governance than rural and indigenous sectors, the influence of resource availability after tsunamis, the role and responsibility of different levels of governments, and the politics of disaster also play an important role in Disaster Governance for determining Community Resilience. These findings shed light on emergency planning and aspects of the Disaster Management cycle.
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spelling pubmed-56156002017-09-30 Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies Villagra, Paula Quintana, Carolina Int J Environ Res Public Health Article This study aimed to further our understanding of a characteristic of Community Resilience known as Disaster Governance. Three attributes of Disaster Governance—redundancy, diversity, and overlap—were studied in four coastal towns in southern Chile that are at risk of tsunamis. Overall, we explored how different spatial structures of human settlements influence Disaster Governance. Using the Projective Mapping Technique, the distribution of emergency institutions (N = 32) and uses given to specific sites (e.g., for refuge, sanitary purposes and medical attention) were mapped. Content and GIS analyses (Directional Distribution and Kernel Density Index) were used to explore the dispersion and concentration of institutions and uses in each town. Disaster Governance was found to be highly influenced by decisions taken during regional, urban, and emergency planning. Governance is better in towns of higher order in the communal hierarchical structure. Most of the emergency institutions were found to be located in central and urban areas, which, in turn, assures more redundancy, overlap, and diversity in governance in the event of a tsunami. Lack of flexibility of emergency plans also limits governance in rural and indigenous areas. While the spatial relationships found in this study indicate that urban sectors have better Disaster Governance than rural and indigenous sectors, the influence of resource availability after tsunamis, the role and responsibility of different levels of governments, and the politics of disaster also play an important role in Disaster Governance for determining Community Resilience. These findings shed light on emergency planning and aspects of the Disaster Management cycle. MDPI 2017-09-14 2017-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5615600/ /pubmed/28906480 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14091063 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Villagra, Paula
Quintana, Carolina
Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies
title Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies
title_full Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies
title_fullStr Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies
title_full_unstemmed Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies
title_short Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies
title_sort disaster governance for community resilience in coastal towns: chilean case studies
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5615600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28906480
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14091063
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