Cargando…
Assessing Autophagy in Mouse Models and Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
Autophagy is a tightly regulated mechanism that allows cells to renew themselves through the lysosomal degradation of proteins, which are misfolded or produced in excess, and of damaged organelles. In the context of immunity, recent research has specially attempted to clarify its roles in infection,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5617962/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28657591 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells6030016 |
_version_ | 1783267079488536576 |
---|---|
author | Wang, Fengjuan Li, Baihui Schall, Nicolas Wilhelm, Maud Muller, Sylviane |
author_facet | Wang, Fengjuan Li, Baihui Schall, Nicolas Wilhelm, Maud Muller, Sylviane |
author_sort | Wang, Fengjuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Autophagy is a tightly regulated mechanism that allows cells to renew themselves through the lysosomal degradation of proteins, which are misfolded or produced in excess, and of damaged organelles. In the context of immunity, recent research has specially attempted to clarify its roles in infection, inflammation and autoimmunity. Autophagy has emerged as a spotlight in several molecular pathways and trafficking events that participate to innate and adaptive immunity. Deregulation of autophagy has been associated to several autoimmune diseases, in particular to systemic lupus erythematosus. Nowadays, however, experimental data on the implication of autophagy in animal models of autoimmunity or patients remain limited. In our investigations, we use Murphy Roths Large (MRL)/lymphoproliferation (lpr) lupus-prone mice as a mouse model for lupus and secondary Sjögren’s syndrome, and, herein, we describe methods applied routinely to analyze different autophagic pathways in different lymphoid organs and tissues (spleen, lymph nodes, salivary glands). We also depict some techniques used to analyze autophagy in lupus patient’s blood samples. These methods can be adapted to the analysis of autophagy in other mouse models of autoinflammatory diseases. The understanding of autophagy implication in autoimmune diseases could prove to be very useful for developing novel immunomodulatory strategies. Our attention should be focused on the fact that autophagy processes are interconnected and that distinct pathways can be independently hyper-activated or downregulated in distinct organs and tissues of the same individual. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5617962 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56179622017-09-29 Assessing Autophagy in Mouse Models and Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Wang, Fengjuan Li, Baihui Schall, Nicolas Wilhelm, Maud Muller, Sylviane Cells Review Autophagy is a tightly regulated mechanism that allows cells to renew themselves through the lysosomal degradation of proteins, which are misfolded or produced in excess, and of damaged organelles. In the context of immunity, recent research has specially attempted to clarify its roles in infection, inflammation and autoimmunity. Autophagy has emerged as a spotlight in several molecular pathways and trafficking events that participate to innate and adaptive immunity. Deregulation of autophagy has been associated to several autoimmune diseases, in particular to systemic lupus erythematosus. Nowadays, however, experimental data on the implication of autophagy in animal models of autoimmunity or patients remain limited. In our investigations, we use Murphy Roths Large (MRL)/lymphoproliferation (lpr) lupus-prone mice as a mouse model for lupus and secondary Sjögren’s syndrome, and, herein, we describe methods applied routinely to analyze different autophagic pathways in different lymphoid organs and tissues (spleen, lymph nodes, salivary glands). We also depict some techniques used to analyze autophagy in lupus patient’s blood samples. These methods can be adapted to the analysis of autophagy in other mouse models of autoinflammatory diseases. The understanding of autophagy implication in autoimmune diseases could prove to be very useful for developing novel immunomodulatory strategies. Our attention should be focused on the fact that autophagy processes are interconnected and that distinct pathways can be independently hyper-activated or downregulated in distinct organs and tissues of the same individual. MDPI 2017-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5617962/ /pubmed/28657591 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells6030016 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Wang, Fengjuan Li, Baihui Schall, Nicolas Wilhelm, Maud Muller, Sylviane Assessing Autophagy in Mouse Models and Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
title | Assessing Autophagy in Mouse Models and Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
title_full | Assessing Autophagy in Mouse Models and Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
title_fullStr | Assessing Autophagy in Mouse Models and Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessing Autophagy in Mouse Models and Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
title_short | Assessing Autophagy in Mouse Models and Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases |
title_sort | assessing autophagy in mouse models and patients with systemic autoimmune diseases |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5617962/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28657591 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells6030016 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT wangfengjuan assessingautophagyinmousemodelsandpatientswithsystemicautoimmunediseases AT libaihui assessingautophagyinmousemodelsandpatientswithsystemicautoimmunediseases AT schallnicolas assessingautophagyinmousemodelsandpatientswithsystemicautoimmunediseases AT wilhelmmaud assessingautophagyinmousemodelsandpatientswithsystemicautoimmunediseases AT mullersylviane assessingautophagyinmousemodelsandpatientswithsystemicautoimmunediseases |