Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis that aggravates after acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia: A case report

We report an atypical case of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (ANMDARE). A 27-year-old man diagnosed with ANMDARE received immunotherapy and had a good recovery. However, within one month, he developed severe status epilepticus and decreased level of conscience with new hyperpyrexia and dyspnea, and was admitted to the emergency intensive care unit. Acinetobacter baumanii were found in the sputum culture; and anti-NMDAR antibodies were positive (titer: 1/80) in the cerebrospinal fluid. Repeated immunotherapy was administered with antibacterial agents, and the patient recovered except for mild psychiatric sequelae. This is the first report of ANMDARE that aggravates after acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia. Awareness and knowledge of this disorder should be extended, especially in the emergency medicine community.