Cargando…
Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands
Climate change is stronger at high than at temperate and tropical latitudes. The natural geothermal conditions in southern Iceland provide an opportunity to study the impact of warming on plants, because of the geothermal bedrock channels that induce stable gradients of soil temperature. We studied...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5618329/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28832555 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo7030044 |
_version_ | 1783267161932824576 |
---|---|
author | Gargallo-Garriga, Albert Ayala-Roque, Marta Sardans, Jordi Bartrons, Mireia Granda, Victor Sigurdsson, Bjarni D. Leblans, Niki I. W. Oravec, Michal Urban, Otmar Janssens, Ivan A. Peñuelas, Josep |
author_facet | Gargallo-Garriga, Albert Ayala-Roque, Marta Sardans, Jordi Bartrons, Mireia Granda, Victor Sigurdsson, Bjarni D. Leblans, Niki I. W. Oravec, Michal Urban, Otmar Janssens, Ivan A. Peñuelas, Josep |
author_sort | Gargallo-Garriga, Albert |
collection | PubMed |
description | Climate change is stronger at high than at temperate and tropical latitudes. The natural geothermal conditions in southern Iceland provide an opportunity to study the impact of warming on plants, because of the geothermal bedrock channels that induce stable gradients of soil temperature. We studied two valleys, one where such gradients have been present for centuries (long-term treatment), and another where new gradients were created in 2008 after a shallow crustal earthquake (short-term treatment). We studied the impact of soil warming (0 to +15 °C) on the foliar metabolomes of two common plant species of high northern latitudes: Agrostis capillaris, a monocotyledon grass; and Ranunculus acris, a dicotyledonous herb, and evaluated the dependence of shifts in their metabolomes on the length of the warming treatment. The two species responded differently to warming, depending on the length of exposure. The grass metabolome clearly shifted at the site of long-term warming, but the herb metabolome did not. The main up-regulated compounds at the highest temperatures at the long-term site were saccharides and amino acids, both involved in heat-shock metabolic pathways. Moreover, some secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids and terpenes, associated with a wide array of stresses, were also up-regulated. Most current climatic models predict an increase in annual average temperature between 2–8 °C over land masses in the Arctic towards the end of this century. The metabolomes of A. capillaris and R. acris shifted abruptly and nonlinearly to soil warming >5 °C above the control temperature for the coming decades. These results thus suggest that a slight warming increase may not imply substantial changes in plant function, but if the temperature rises more than 5 °C, warming may end up triggering metabolic pathways associated with heat stress in some plant species currently dominant in this region. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5618329 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56183292017-09-29 Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands Gargallo-Garriga, Albert Ayala-Roque, Marta Sardans, Jordi Bartrons, Mireia Granda, Victor Sigurdsson, Bjarni D. Leblans, Niki I. W. Oravec, Michal Urban, Otmar Janssens, Ivan A. Peñuelas, Josep Metabolites Article Climate change is stronger at high than at temperate and tropical latitudes. The natural geothermal conditions in southern Iceland provide an opportunity to study the impact of warming on plants, because of the geothermal bedrock channels that induce stable gradients of soil temperature. We studied two valleys, one where such gradients have been present for centuries (long-term treatment), and another where new gradients were created in 2008 after a shallow crustal earthquake (short-term treatment). We studied the impact of soil warming (0 to +15 °C) on the foliar metabolomes of two common plant species of high northern latitudes: Agrostis capillaris, a monocotyledon grass; and Ranunculus acris, a dicotyledonous herb, and evaluated the dependence of shifts in their metabolomes on the length of the warming treatment. The two species responded differently to warming, depending on the length of exposure. The grass metabolome clearly shifted at the site of long-term warming, but the herb metabolome did not. The main up-regulated compounds at the highest temperatures at the long-term site were saccharides and amino acids, both involved in heat-shock metabolic pathways. Moreover, some secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids and terpenes, associated with a wide array of stresses, were also up-regulated. Most current climatic models predict an increase in annual average temperature between 2–8 °C over land masses in the Arctic towards the end of this century. The metabolomes of A. capillaris and R. acris shifted abruptly and nonlinearly to soil warming >5 °C above the control temperature for the coming decades. These results thus suggest that a slight warming increase may not imply substantial changes in plant function, but if the temperature rises more than 5 °C, warming may end up triggering metabolic pathways associated with heat stress in some plant species currently dominant in this region. MDPI 2017-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5618329/ /pubmed/28832555 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo7030044 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Gargallo-Garriga, Albert Ayala-Roque, Marta Sardans, Jordi Bartrons, Mireia Granda, Victor Sigurdsson, Bjarni D. Leblans, Niki I. W. Oravec, Michal Urban, Otmar Janssens, Ivan A. Peñuelas, Josep Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands |
title | Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands |
title_full | Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands |
title_fullStr | Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands |
title_short | Impact of Soil Warming on the Plant Metabolome of Icelandic Grasslands |
title_sort | impact of soil warming on the plant metabolome of icelandic grasslands |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5618329/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28832555 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo7030044 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gargallogarrigaalbert impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT ayalaroquemarta impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT sardansjordi impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT bartronsmireia impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT grandavictor impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT sigurdssonbjarnid impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT leblansnikiiw impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT oravecmichal impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT urbanotmar impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT janssensivana impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands AT penuelasjosep impactofsoilwarmingontheplantmetabolomeoficelandicgrasslands |