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Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
BACKGROUND: In general, after Panax ginseng is administered orally, intestinal microbes play a crucial role in its degradation and metabolization process. Studies on the metabolism of P. ginseng by microflora are important for obtaining a better understanding of their biological effects. METHODS: In...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628354/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29021702 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2016.11.002 |
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author | Dong, Wei-Wei Zhao, Jinhua Zhong, Fei-Liang Zhu, Wen-Jing Jiang, Jun Wu, Songquan Yang, Deok-Chun Li, Donghao Quan, Lin-Hu |
author_facet | Dong, Wei-Wei Zhao, Jinhua Zhong, Fei-Liang Zhu, Wen-Jing Jiang, Jun Wu, Songquan Yang, Deok-Chun Li, Donghao Quan, Lin-Hu |
author_sort | Dong, Wei-Wei |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: In general, after Panax ginseng is administered orally, intestinal microbes play a crucial role in its degradation and metabolization process. Studies on the metabolism of P. ginseng by microflora are important for obtaining a better understanding of their biological effects. METHODS: In vitro biotransformation of P. ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora was investigated at 37°C for 24 h, and the simultaneous determination of the metabolites and metabolic profile of P. ginseng saponins by rat intestinal microflora was achieved using LC–MS/MS. RESULTS: A total of seven ginsenosides were detected in the P. ginseng extract, including ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd. In the transformed P. ginseng samples, considerable amounts of deglycosylated metabolite compound K and Rh1 were detected. In addition, minimal amounts of deglycosylated metabolites (ginsenosides Rg2, F1, F2, Rg3, and protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides) and untransformed ginsenosides Re, Rg1, and Rd were detected at 24 h. The results indicated that the primary metabolites are compound K and Rh1, and the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides were more easily metabolized than protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of the identification and quantification of the metabolism and metabolic profile of P. ginseng extract in rat intestinal microflora using LC–MS/MS. The current study provided new insights for studying the metabolism and active metabolites of P. ginseng. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5628354 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56283542017-10-11 Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Dong, Wei-Wei Zhao, Jinhua Zhong, Fei-Liang Zhu, Wen-Jing Jiang, Jun Wu, Songquan Yang, Deok-Chun Li, Donghao Quan, Lin-Hu J Ginseng Res Research Article BACKGROUND: In general, after Panax ginseng is administered orally, intestinal microbes play a crucial role in its degradation and metabolization process. Studies on the metabolism of P. ginseng by microflora are important for obtaining a better understanding of their biological effects. METHODS: In vitro biotransformation of P. ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora was investigated at 37°C for 24 h, and the simultaneous determination of the metabolites and metabolic profile of P. ginseng saponins by rat intestinal microflora was achieved using LC–MS/MS. RESULTS: A total of seven ginsenosides were detected in the P. ginseng extract, including ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd. In the transformed P. ginseng samples, considerable amounts of deglycosylated metabolite compound K and Rh1 were detected. In addition, minimal amounts of deglycosylated metabolites (ginsenosides Rg2, F1, F2, Rg3, and protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides) and untransformed ginsenosides Re, Rg1, and Rd were detected at 24 h. The results indicated that the primary metabolites are compound K and Rh1, and the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides were more easily metabolized than protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of the identification and quantification of the metabolism and metabolic profile of P. ginseng extract in rat intestinal microflora using LC–MS/MS. The current study provided new insights for studying the metabolism and active metabolites of P. ginseng. Elsevier 2017-10 2017-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5628354/ /pubmed/29021702 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2016.11.002 Text en © 2017 The Korean Society of Ginseng, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Dong, Wei-Wei Zhao, Jinhua Zhong, Fei-Liang Zhu, Wen-Jing Jiang, Jun Wu, Songquan Yang, Deok-Chun Li, Donghao Quan, Lin-Hu Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
title | Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
title_full | Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
title_fullStr | Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
title_full_unstemmed | Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
title_short | Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
title_sort | biotransformation of panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora: identification and quantification of metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628354/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29021702 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2016.11.002 |
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