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Experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable Legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization
The incidence of Legionnaires’ disease (LD) in European countries and the USA has been constantly increasing since 1998. Infection of humans occurs through aerosol inhalation. To bridge the existing gap between the concentration of Legionella in a water network and the deposition of bacteria within...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628919/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28982141 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186042 |
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author | Pourchez, Jérémie Leclerc, Lara Girardot, Françoise Riffard, Serge Prevot, Nathalie Allegra, Séverine |
author_facet | Pourchez, Jérémie Leclerc, Lara Girardot, Françoise Riffard, Serge Prevot, Nathalie Allegra, Séverine |
author_sort | Pourchez, Jérémie |
collection | PubMed |
description | The incidence of Legionnaires’ disease (LD) in European countries and the USA has been constantly increasing since 1998. Infection of humans occurs through aerosol inhalation. To bridge the existing gap between the concentration of Legionella in a water network and the deposition of bacteria within the thoracic region (assessment of the number of viable Legionella), we validated a model mimicking realistic exposure through the use of (i) recent technology for aerosol generation and (ii) a 3D replicate of the human upper respiratory tract. The model’s sensitivity was determined by monitoring the deposition of (i) aerosolized water and Tc(99m) radio-aerosol as controls, and (ii) bioaerosols generated from both Escherichia coli and Legionella pneumophila sg 1 suspensions. The numbers of viable Legionella prior to and after nebulization were provided by culture, flow cytometry and qPCR. This study was designed to obtain more realistic data on aerosol inhalation (vs. animal experimentation) and deposition at the thoracic region in the context of LD. Upon nebulization, 40% and 48% of the initial Legionella inoculum was made of cultivable and non-cultivable cells, respectively; 0.7% of both populations reached the filter holder mimicking the thoracic region in this setup. These results are in agreement with experimental data based on quantitative microbial risk assessment methods and bring new methods that may be useful for preventing LD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5628919 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56289192017-10-20 Experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable Legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization Pourchez, Jérémie Leclerc, Lara Girardot, Françoise Riffard, Serge Prevot, Nathalie Allegra, Séverine PLoS One Research Article The incidence of Legionnaires’ disease (LD) in European countries and the USA has been constantly increasing since 1998. Infection of humans occurs through aerosol inhalation. To bridge the existing gap between the concentration of Legionella in a water network and the deposition of bacteria within the thoracic region (assessment of the number of viable Legionella), we validated a model mimicking realistic exposure through the use of (i) recent technology for aerosol generation and (ii) a 3D replicate of the human upper respiratory tract. The model’s sensitivity was determined by monitoring the deposition of (i) aerosolized water and Tc(99m) radio-aerosol as controls, and (ii) bioaerosols generated from both Escherichia coli and Legionella pneumophila sg 1 suspensions. The numbers of viable Legionella prior to and after nebulization were provided by culture, flow cytometry and qPCR. This study was designed to obtain more realistic data on aerosol inhalation (vs. animal experimentation) and deposition at the thoracic region in the context of LD. Upon nebulization, 40% and 48% of the initial Legionella inoculum was made of cultivable and non-cultivable cells, respectively; 0.7% of both populations reached the filter holder mimicking the thoracic region in this setup. These results are in agreement with experimental data based on quantitative microbial risk assessment methods and bring new methods that may be useful for preventing LD. Public Library of Science 2017-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5628919/ /pubmed/28982141 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186042 Text en © 2017 Pourchez et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Pourchez, Jérémie Leclerc, Lara Girardot, Françoise Riffard, Serge Prevot, Nathalie Allegra, Séverine Experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable Legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization |
title | Experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable Legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization |
title_full | Experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable Legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization |
title_fullStr | Experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable Legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization |
title_full_unstemmed | Experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable Legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization |
title_short | Experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable Legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization |
title_sort | experimental human-like model to assess the part of viable legionella reaching the thoracic region after nebulization |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628919/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28982141 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186042 |
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