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Mutation of Arabidopsis SMC4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes

In eukaryotes, transcriptionally inactive loci are enriched within highly condensed heterochromatin. In plants, as in mammals, the DNA of heterochromatin is densely methylated and wrapped by histones displaying a characteristic subset of post-translational modifications. Growing evidence indicates t...

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Autores principales: Wang, Jing, Blevins, Todd, Podicheti, Ram, Haag, Jeremy R., Tan, Ek Han, Wang, Feng, Pikaard, Craig S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5630024/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28882854
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.301499.117
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author Wang, Jing
Blevins, Todd
Podicheti, Ram
Haag, Jeremy R.
Tan, Ek Han
Wang, Feng
Pikaard, Craig S.
author_facet Wang, Jing
Blevins, Todd
Podicheti, Ram
Haag, Jeremy R.
Tan, Ek Han
Wang, Feng
Pikaard, Craig S.
author_sort Wang, Jing
collection PubMed
description In eukaryotes, transcriptionally inactive loci are enriched within highly condensed heterochromatin. In plants, as in mammals, the DNA of heterochromatin is densely methylated and wrapped by histones displaying a characteristic subset of post-translational modifications. Growing evidence indicates that these chromatin modifications are not sufficient for silencing. Instead, they are prerequisites for further assembly of higher-order chromatin structures that are refractory to transcription but not fully understood. We show that silencing of transposons in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of Arabidopsis thaliana requires SMC4, a core subunit of condensins I and II, acting in conjunction with CG methylation by MET1 (DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 1), CHG methylation by CMT3 (CHROMOMETHYLASE 3), the chromatin remodeler DDM1 (DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION 1), and histone modifications, including histone H3 Lys 27 monomethylation (H3K27me1), imparted by ATXR5 and ATXR6. SMC4/condensin also acts within the mostly euchromatic chromosome arms to suppress conditionally expressed genes involved in flowering or DNA repair, including the DNA glycosylase ROS1, which facilitates DNA demethylation. Collectively, our genome-wide analyses implicate condensin in the suppression of hundreds of loci, acting in both DNA methylation-dependent and methylation-independent pathways.
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spelling pubmed-56300242018-02-01 Mutation of Arabidopsis SMC4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes Wang, Jing Blevins, Todd Podicheti, Ram Haag, Jeremy R. Tan, Ek Han Wang, Feng Pikaard, Craig S. Genes Dev Research Paper In eukaryotes, transcriptionally inactive loci are enriched within highly condensed heterochromatin. In plants, as in mammals, the DNA of heterochromatin is densely methylated and wrapped by histones displaying a characteristic subset of post-translational modifications. Growing evidence indicates that these chromatin modifications are not sufficient for silencing. Instead, they are prerequisites for further assembly of higher-order chromatin structures that are refractory to transcription but not fully understood. We show that silencing of transposons in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of Arabidopsis thaliana requires SMC4, a core subunit of condensins I and II, acting in conjunction with CG methylation by MET1 (DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 1), CHG methylation by CMT3 (CHROMOMETHYLASE 3), the chromatin remodeler DDM1 (DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION 1), and histone modifications, including histone H3 Lys 27 monomethylation (H3K27me1), imparted by ATXR5 and ATXR6. SMC4/condensin also acts within the mostly euchromatic chromosome arms to suppress conditionally expressed genes involved in flowering or DNA repair, including the DNA glycosylase ROS1, which facilitates DNA demethylation. Collectively, our genome-wide analyses implicate condensin in the suppression of hundreds of loci, acting in both DNA methylation-dependent and methylation-independent pathways. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2017-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5630024/ /pubmed/28882854 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.301499.117 Text en © 2017 Wang et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first six months after the full-issue publication date (see http://genesdev.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Wang, Jing
Blevins, Todd
Podicheti, Ram
Haag, Jeremy R.
Tan, Ek Han
Wang, Feng
Pikaard, Craig S.
Mutation of Arabidopsis SMC4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes
title Mutation of Arabidopsis SMC4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes
title_full Mutation of Arabidopsis SMC4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes
title_fullStr Mutation of Arabidopsis SMC4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes
title_full_unstemmed Mutation of Arabidopsis SMC4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes
title_short Mutation of Arabidopsis SMC4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes
title_sort mutation of arabidopsis smc4 identifies condensin as a corepressor of pericentromeric transposons and conditionally expressed genes
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5630024/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28882854
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.301499.117
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