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Persistence of Depressed but Stable Levels of Pediatric Vaccine Induced Antibodies over 16 years in Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy

BACKGROUND: The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) markedly improved prognosis and immune competence as indicated by clinical laboratory testing. However, few data are available on the long-term durability of vaccine induced immune responses in perinatally HIV infected individual...

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Autores principales: Alramadhan, Morouge, Heresi, Gloria P, Zhang, Weihe, Murphy, James R, Castro, Abel, Contreras, German
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5631497/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1772
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author Alramadhan, Morouge
Heresi, Gloria P
Zhang, Weihe
Murphy, James R
Castro, Abel
Contreras, German
author_facet Alramadhan, Morouge
Heresi, Gloria P
Zhang, Weihe
Murphy, James R
Castro, Abel
Contreras, German
author_sort Alramadhan, Morouge
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) markedly improved prognosis and immune competence as indicated by clinical laboratory testing. However, few data are available on the long-term durability of vaccine induced immune responses in perinatally HIV infected individuals over the two decades since cART introduction. METHODS: Perinatal HIV+, 21, on cART who had a history of MMR and/or VZV vaccinations and archived plasma samples collected at 4, 8 and 16 years after last vaccination dose were included. Samples from 11 HIV- individuals were included. Plasma IgG to measles, mumps, rubella and varicella were measured by ELISA RESULTS: The HIV+ group was in good clinical condition with respect to HIV disease (medians, 31% CD4 cells, 2.0 log (10) HIV RNA copies/ml). Levels of vaccine engendered antibodies differed markedly by HIV infection status and by vaccine. Comparison of HIV+ with HIV- antibody levels by vaccine showed the HIV+ levels were 83%*, 55%*, 13%* or 11%** (*P < 0.003, **P = 0.056 at year 16) of the levels found in HIV- for rubella, mumps, measles and VZV, respectively The patterns of relationships between HIV+ to HIV- levels of response seen at year 4 were maintained over the 12 years of observation. Over the 12 years of evaluation the antibody concentrations for each vaccine declined slowly, the apparent half-lives of vaccine specific antibodies were 96, 37, 29 and 13 years for mumps, VZV, measles and rubella, respectively. CONCLUSION: Despite being on long-term effective cART and having controlled HIV viremia and excellent levels of CD4 cells, perinatally HIV+ individuals have significantly lower levels of antibodies to VZV, measles and mumps vaccinations than HIV- adults. These reduced antibody levels were found at 4 years after immunizations and persisted with the expected slow rates of decline over the following 12 years. The data support the view that that there is an HIV associated failure in the establishment, conversion to persisting immunity phase of the responses to vaccinations. Once established antibody levels persist with near normal half-lives. DISCLOSURES: All authors: No reported disclosures.
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spelling pubmed-56314972017-11-07 Persistence of Depressed but Stable Levels of Pediatric Vaccine Induced Antibodies over 16 years in Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy Alramadhan, Morouge Heresi, Gloria P Zhang, Weihe Murphy, James R Castro, Abel Contreras, German Open Forum Infect Dis Abstracts BACKGROUND: The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) markedly improved prognosis and immune competence as indicated by clinical laboratory testing. However, few data are available on the long-term durability of vaccine induced immune responses in perinatally HIV infected individuals over the two decades since cART introduction. METHODS: Perinatal HIV+, 21, on cART who had a history of MMR and/or VZV vaccinations and archived plasma samples collected at 4, 8 and 16 years after last vaccination dose were included. Samples from 11 HIV- individuals were included. Plasma IgG to measles, mumps, rubella and varicella were measured by ELISA RESULTS: The HIV+ group was in good clinical condition with respect to HIV disease (medians, 31% CD4 cells, 2.0 log (10) HIV RNA copies/ml). Levels of vaccine engendered antibodies differed markedly by HIV infection status and by vaccine. Comparison of HIV+ with HIV- antibody levels by vaccine showed the HIV+ levels were 83%*, 55%*, 13%* or 11%** (*P < 0.003, **P = 0.056 at year 16) of the levels found in HIV- for rubella, mumps, measles and VZV, respectively The patterns of relationships between HIV+ to HIV- levels of response seen at year 4 were maintained over the 12 years of observation. Over the 12 years of evaluation the antibody concentrations for each vaccine declined slowly, the apparent half-lives of vaccine specific antibodies were 96, 37, 29 and 13 years for mumps, VZV, measles and rubella, respectively. CONCLUSION: Despite being on long-term effective cART and having controlled HIV viremia and excellent levels of CD4 cells, perinatally HIV+ individuals have significantly lower levels of antibodies to VZV, measles and mumps vaccinations than HIV- adults. These reduced antibody levels were found at 4 years after immunizations and persisted with the expected slow rates of decline over the following 12 years. The data support the view that that there is an HIV associated failure in the establishment, conversion to persisting immunity phase of the responses to vaccinations. Once established antibody levels persist with near normal half-lives. DISCLOSURES: All authors: No reported disclosures. Oxford University Press 2017-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5631497/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1772 Text en © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Abstracts
Alramadhan, Morouge
Heresi, Gloria P
Zhang, Weihe
Murphy, James R
Castro, Abel
Contreras, German
Persistence of Depressed but Stable Levels of Pediatric Vaccine Induced Antibodies over 16 years in Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy
title Persistence of Depressed but Stable Levels of Pediatric Vaccine Induced Antibodies over 16 years in Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy
title_full Persistence of Depressed but Stable Levels of Pediatric Vaccine Induced Antibodies over 16 years in Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy
title_fullStr Persistence of Depressed but Stable Levels of Pediatric Vaccine Induced Antibodies over 16 years in Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Persistence of Depressed but Stable Levels of Pediatric Vaccine Induced Antibodies over 16 years in Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy
title_short Persistence of Depressed but Stable Levels of Pediatric Vaccine Induced Antibodies over 16 years in Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy
title_sort persistence of depressed but stable levels of pediatric vaccine induced antibodies over 16 years in perinatally hiv infected individuals on combined anti-retroviral therapy
topic Abstracts
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5631497/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1772
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