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Comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine Palaemon species reveals a X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex chromosome system in Palaemon elegans

BACKGROUND: The maintenance of species and the promotion of speciation are closely related to chromosomal rearrangements throughout evolution. Decapoda represents the most species-rich order among crustaceans and, despite its ecological and economic importance, little is known about decapod karyolog...

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Autores principales: Torrecilla, Zeltia, Martínez-Lage, Andrés, Perina, Alejandra, González-Ortegón, Enrique, González-Tizón, Ana M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5639736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29046707
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-017-0233-x
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author Torrecilla, Zeltia
Martínez-Lage, Andrés
Perina, Alejandra
González-Ortegón, Enrique
González-Tizón, Ana M.
author_facet Torrecilla, Zeltia
Martínez-Lage, Andrés
Perina, Alejandra
González-Ortegón, Enrique
González-Tizón, Ana M.
author_sort Torrecilla, Zeltia
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The maintenance of species and the promotion of speciation are closely related to chromosomal rearrangements throughout evolution. Decapoda represents the most species-rich order among crustaceans and, despite its ecological and economic importance, little is known about decapod karyology. We aim at cytogenetically characterizing two sympatric prawn species. RESULTS: Analysis of mitotic metaphases and meiotic diakinesis of the common prawn Palaemon serratus and the rockpool prawn P. elegans, revealed considerable differences between their karyotypes including chromosome numbers and sex determination systems. The cytogenetic data for P. serratus showed a diploid number of 56 and the putative absence of heteromorphic sex chromosomes. However, the diploid chromosome number in P. elegans was 90 for females and 89 for males. The karyotype of the females consisted of the three largest acrocentric pairs and 42 submetacentric and metacentric pairs, while the karyotype of the males comprised a clearly identifiable large metacentric chromosome and two acrocentric pairs as well as the smaller 42 pairs. These results highlight the presence of the X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y multiple sex chromosome system in P. elegans, which constitute the only sexual system for Decapoda reported cytogenetically using modern techniques. The origin of this sex chromosome system is discussed. We hypothesize that the chromosome evolution within the genus could involve several fusion events giving rise to a reduction on the chromosome number in P. serratus. In both species, the major ribosomal genes were located in two chromosome pairs and hybridization signals of the telomeric sequences (TTAGGG)(n) were visualized at the telomeres of all chromosomes. C-banding revealed that, when present, constitutive heterochromatin had a predominantly telomeric distribution and no centromeric constitutive heterochromatin was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Although more comparative cytogenetic analyses are needed to clarify our hypotheses, the findings of this work indicate that the prawns of the genus Palaemon represent a promising model among Decapoda representatives to investigate the karyotype evolution and the patterns of sex chromosome differentiation.
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spelling pubmed-56397362017-10-18 Comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine Palaemon species reveals a X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex chromosome system in Palaemon elegans Torrecilla, Zeltia Martínez-Lage, Andrés Perina, Alejandra González-Ortegón, Enrique González-Tizón, Ana M. Front Zool Research BACKGROUND: The maintenance of species and the promotion of speciation are closely related to chromosomal rearrangements throughout evolution. Decapoda represents the most species-rich order among crustaceans and, despite its ecological and economic importance, little is known about decapod karyology. We aim at cytogenetically characterizing two sympatric prawn species. RESULTS: Analysis of mitotic metaphases and meiotic diakinesis of the common prawn Palaemon serratus and the rockpool prawn P. elegans, revealed considerable differences between their karyotypes including chromosome numbers and sex determination systems. The cytogenetic data for P. serratus showed a diploid number of 56 and the putative absence of heteromorphic sex chromosomes. However, the diploid chromosome number in P. elegans was 90 for females and 89 for males. The karyotype of the females consisted of the three largest acrocentric pairs and 42 submetacentric and metacentric pairs, while the karyotype of the males comprised a clearly identifiable large metacentric chromosome and two acrocentric pairs as well as the smaller 42 pairs. These results highlight the presence of the X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y multiple sex chromosome system in P. elegans, which constitute the only sexual system for Decapoda reported cytogenetically using modern techniques. The origin of this sex chromosome system is discussed. We hypothesize that the chromosome evolution within the genus could involve several fusion events giving rise to a reduction on the chromosome number in P. serratus. In both species, the major ribosomal genes were located in two chromosome pairs and hybridization signals of the telomeric sequences (TTAGGG)(n) were visualized at the telomeres of all chromosomes. C-banding revealed that, when present, constitutive heterochromatin had a predominantly telomeric distribution and no centromeric constitutive heterochromatin was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Although more comparative cytogenetic analyses are needed to clarify our hypotheses, the findings of this work indicate that the prawns of the genus Palaemon represent a promising model among Decapoda representatives to investigate the karyotype evolution and the patterns of sex chromosome differentiation. BioMed Central 2017-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5639736/ /pubmed/29046707 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-017-0233-x Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Torrecilla, Zeltia
Martínez-Lage, Andrés
Perina, Alejandra
González-Ortegón, Enrique
González-Tizón, Ana M.
Comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine Palaemon species reveals a X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex chromosome system in Palaemon elegans
title Comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine Palaemon species reveals a X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex chromosome system in Palaemon elegans
title_full Comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine Palaemon species reveals a X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex chromosome system in Palaemon elegans
title_fullStr Comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine Palaemon species reveals a X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex chromosome system in Palaemon elegans
title_full_unstemmed Comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine Palaemon species reveals a X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex chromosome system in Palaemon elegans
title_short Comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine Palaemon species reveals a X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y sex chromosome system in Palaemon elegans
title_sort comparative cytogenetic analysis of marine palaemon species reveals a x(1)x(1)x(2)x(2)/x(1)x(2)y sex chromosome system in palaemon elegans
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5639736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29046707
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-017-0233-x
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