Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis - an Uncommon Complication after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an innovative and relatively safe surgical approach for weight reduction in morbidly obese people. Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is an extremely rare complication of LSG and, if not recognized, carries a high mortality rate. This paper highlights a potentially lethal condition of SVT after LSG. CASE REPORT: A 37-year-old morbidly obese woman was referred to our institution for LSG. Three weeks after the intervention, she was readmitted with abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and fever with positive family anamnesis to viral disease. Abdominal X-ray as well as utrasonography were both normal, and no X-ray contrast medium leakage was observed. One week later, she was readmitted with septic condition. An abdominal computed tomography scan diagnosed lienal vein thrombosis along its whole length and partial thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein. CONCLUSION: SVT presents very heterogeneously, which makes it extremely challenging to diagnose and to make an appropriate treatment decision. With regard to the high prevalence of obesity and the increasing frequency of LSG, prompt diagnosis and management are crucial.