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Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication
BACKGROUND: Road traffic noise has been associated with adverse health effects including sleep disturbances. Use of sleep medication as an indicator of sleeping problems has rarely been explored in studies of the effects of traffic noise. Furthermore, using registry data on sleep medications provide...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5660445/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29078795 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0330-5 |
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author | Evandt, Jorunn Oftedal, Bente Krog, Norun Hjertager Skurtveit, Svetlana Nafstad, Per Schwarze, Per E. Skovlund, Eva Houthuijs, Danny Aasvang, Gunn Marit |
author_facet | Evandt, Jorunn Oftedal, Bente Krog, Norun Hjertager Skurtveit, Svetlana Nafstad, Per Schwarze, Per E. Skovlund, Eva Houthuijs, Danny Aasvang, Gunn Marit |
author_sort | Evandt, Jorunn |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Road traffic noise has been associated with adverse health effects including sleep disturbances. Use of sleep medication as an indicator of sleeping problems has rarely been explored in studies of the effects of traffic noise. Furthermore, using registry data on sleep medications provides an opportunity to study the effects of noise on sleep where attribution of sleep problems to noise is not possible. METHODS: We used questionnaire data from the population-based study Health and Environment in Oslo (HELMILO) (2009–10) (n = 13,019). Individual data on sleep medications was obtained from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD). Noise levels (L (night)) were modeled for the most exposed façade of the building at each participant’s home address. Logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used to analyze the association between traffic noise and sleep medication use both for one whole year and for the summer season. The results were reported as changes in the effect estimate per 5 decibel (dB) increase in noise level. RESULTS: We observed no association between traffic noise and sleep medication use during one year [odds ratio (OR) = 1.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96, 1.04]. For sleep medication use in the summer season, there was a positive, however non-significant association (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.10). Among individuals sleeping with the bedroom window open, the association increased slightly and was borderline statistically significant (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.12). CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence of an association between traffic noise and sleep medication use during one year. However, for the summer season, there was some suggestive evidence of an association. These findings indicate that season may play a role in the association between traffic noise and sleep, possibly because indoor traffic noise levels are likely to be higher during summer due to more frequent window opening. More studies are, however, necessary in order to confirm this. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-017-0330-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5660445 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56604452017-10-31 Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication Evandt, Jorunn Oftedal, Bente Krog, Norun Hjertager Skurtveit, Svetlana Nafstad, Per Schwarze, Per E. Skovlund, Eva Houthuijs, Danny Aasvang, Gunn Marit Environ Health Research BACKGROUND: Road traffic noise has been associated with adverse health effects including sleep disturbances. Use of sleep medication as an indicator of sleeping problems has rarely been explored in studies of the effects of traffic noise. Furthermore, using registry data on sleep medications provides an opportunity to study the effects of noise on sleep where attribution of sleep problems to noise is not possible. METHODS: We used questionnaire data from the population-based study Health and Environment in Oslo (HELMILO) (2009–10) (n = 13,019). Individual data on sleep medications was obtained from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD). Noise levels (L (night)) were modeled for the most exposed façade of the building at each participant’s home address. Logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used to analyze the association between traffic noise and sleep medication use both for one whole year and for the summer season. The results were reported as changes in the effect estimate per 5 decibel (dB) increase in noise level. RESULTS: We observed no association between traffic noise and sleep medication use during one year [odds ratio (OR) = 1.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96, 1.04]. For sleep medication use in the summer season, there was a positive, however non-significant association (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.10). Among individuals sleeping with the bedroom window open, the association increased slightly and was borderline statistically significant (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.12). CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence of an association between traffic noise and sleep medication use during one year. However, for the summer season, there was some suggestive evidence of an association. These findings indicate that season may play a role in the association between traffic noise and sleep, possibly because indoor traffic noise levels are likely to be higher during summer due to more frequent window opening. More studies are, however, necessary in order to confirm this. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-017-0330-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2017-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5660445/ /pubmed/29078795 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0330-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Evandt, Jorunn Oftedal, Bente Krog, Norun Hjertager Skurtveit, Svetlana Nafstad, Per Schwarze, Per E. Skovlund, Eva Houthuijs, Danny Aasvang, Gunn Marit Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication |
title | Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication |
title_full | Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication |
title_fullStr | Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication |
title_full_unstemmed | Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication |
title_short | Road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication |
title_sort | road traffic noise and registry based use of sleep medication |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5660445/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29078795 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0330-5 |
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