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Biofilm Structures in a Mono-Associated Mouse Model of Clostridium difficile Infection

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a major healthcare-associated disease with high recurrence rates. Host colonization is critical for the infectious process, both in first episodes and in recurrent disease, with biofilm formation playing a key role. The ability of C. difficile to form a biofi...

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Autores principales: Soavelomandroso, Anna P., Gaudin, Françoise, Hoys, Sandra, Nicolas, Valérie, Vedantam, Gayatri, Janoir, Claire, Bouttier, Sylvie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5661025/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29118745
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02086
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author Soavelomandroso, Anna P.
Gaudin, Françoise
Hoys, Sandra
Nicolas, Valérie
Vedantam, Gayatri
Janoir, Claire
Bouttier, Sylvie
author_facet Soavelomandroso, Anna P.
Gaudin, Françoise
Hoys, Sandra
Nicolas, Valérie
Vedantam, Gayatri
Janoir, Claire
Bouttier, Sylvie
author_sort Soavelomandroso, Anna P.
collection PubMed
description Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a major healthcare-associated disease with high recurrence rates. Host colonization is critical for the infectious process, both in first episodes and in recurrent disease, with biofilm formation playing a key role. The ability of C. difficile to form a biofilm on abiotic surfaces is established, but has not yet been confirmed in the intestinal tract. Here, four different isolates of C. difficile, which are in vitro biofilm producers, were studied for their ability to colonize germ-free mice. The level of colonization achieved was similar for all isolates in the different parts of the murine gastrointestinal tract, but pathogen burden was higher in the cecum and colon. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that C. difficile bacteria were distributed heterogeneously over the intestinal tissue, without contact with epithelial cells. The R20291 strain, which belongs to the Ribotype 027 lineage, displayed a unique behavior compared to the other strains by forming numerous aggregates. By immunochemistry analyses, we showed that bacteria were localized inside and outside the mucus layer, irrespective of the strains tested. Most bacteria were entrapped in 3-D structures overlaying the mucus layer. For the R20291 strain, the cell-wall associated polysaccharide PS-II was detected in large amounts in the 3-D structure. As this component has been detected in the extrapolymeric matrix of in vitro C. difficile biofilms, our data suggest strongly that at least the R20291 strain is organized in the mono-associated mouse model in glycan-rich biofilm architecture, which sustainably maintains bacteria outside the mucus layer.
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spelling pubmed-56610252017-11-08 Biofilm Structures in a Mono-Associated Mouse Model of Clostridium difficile Infection Soavelomandroso, Anna P. Gaudin, Françoise Hoys, Sandra Nicolas, Valérie Vedantam, Gayatri Janoir, Claire Bouttier, Sylvie Front Microbiol Microbiology Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a major healthcare-associated disease with high recurrence rates. Host colonization is critical for the infectious process, both in first episodes and in recurrent disease, with biofilm formation playing a key role. The ability of C. difficile to form a biofilm on abiotic surfaces is established, but has not yet been confirmed in the intestinal tract. Here, four different isolates of C. difficile, which are in vitro biofilm producers, were studied for their ability to colonize germ-free mice. The level of colonization achieved was similar for all isolates in the different parts of the murine gastrointestinal tract, but pathogen burden was higher in the cecum and colon. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that C. difficile bacteria were distributed heterogeneously over the intestinal tissue, without contact with epithelial cells. The R20291 strain, which belongs to the Ribotype 027 lineage, displayed a unique behavior compared to the other strains by forming numerous aggregates. By immunochemistry analyses, we showed that bacteria were localized inside and outside the mucus layer, irrespective of the strains tested. Most bacteria were entrapped in 3-D structures overlaying the mucus layer. For the R20291 strain, the cell-wall associated polysaccharide PS-II was detected in large amounts in the 3-D structure. As this component has been detected in the extrapolymeric matrix of in vitro C. difficile biofilms, our data suggest strongly that at least the R20291 strain is organized in the mono-associated mouse model in glycan-rich biofilm architecture, which sustainably maintains bacteria outside the mucus layer. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC5661025/ /pubmed/29118745 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02086 Text en Copyright © 2017 Soavelomandroso, Gaudin, Hoys, Nicolas, Vedantam, Janoir and Bouttier. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Soavelomandroso, Anna P.
Gaudin, Françoise
Hoys, Sandra
Nicolas, Valérie
Vedantam, Gayatri
Janoir, Claire
Bouttier, Sylvie
Biofilm Structures in a Mono-Associated Mouse Model of Clostridium difficile Infection
title Biofilm Structures in a Mono-Associated Mouse Model of Clostridium difficile Infection
title_full Biofilm Structures in a Mono-Associated Mouse Model of Clostridium difficile Infection
title_fullStr Biofilm Structures in a Mono-Associated Mouse Model of Clostridium difficile Infection
title_full_unstemmed Biofilm Structures in a Mono-Associated Mouse Model of Clostridium difficile Infection
title_short Biofilm Structures in a Mono-Associated Mouse Model of Clostridium difficile Infection
title_sort biofilm structures in a mono-associated mouse model of clostridium difficile infection
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5661025/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29118745
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02086
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