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Corticospinal control from M1 and PMv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans

Inhibitory propriospinal neurons with diffuse projections onto upper limb motoneurons have been revealed in humans using peripheral nerve stimulation. This system is supposed to mediate descending inhibition to motoneurons, to prevent unwilling muscle activity. However, the corticospinal control ont...

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Autores principales: Giboin, Louis‐Solal, Sangari, Sina, Lackmy‐Vallée, Alexandra, Messé, Arnaud, Pradat‐Diehl, Pascale, Marchand‐Pauvert, Véronique
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5661226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29084839
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13387
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author Giboin, Louis‐Solal
Sangari, Sina
Lackmy‐Vallée, Alexandra
Messé, Arnaud
Pradat‐Diehl, Pascale
Marchand‐Pauvert, Véronique
author_facet Giboin, Louis‐Solal
Sangari, Sina
Lackmy‐Vallée, Alexandra
Messé, Arnaud
Pradat‐Diehl, Pascale
Marchand‐Pauvert, Véronique
author_sort Giboin, Louis‐Solal
collection PubMed
description Inhibitory propriospinal neurons with diffuse projections onto upper limb motoneurons have been revealed in humans using peripheral nerve stimulation. This system is supposed to mediate descending inhibition to motoneurons, to prevent unwilling muscle activity. However, the corticospinal control onto inhibitory propriospinal neurons has never been investigated so far in humans. We addressed the question whether inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons receive corticospinal inputs from primary motor (M1) and ventral premotor areas (PMv) using spatial facilitation method. We have stimulated M1 or PMv using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and/or median nerve whose afferents are known to activate inhibitory propriospinal neurons. Potential input convergence was evaluated by studying the change in monosynaptic reflexes produced in wrist extensor electromyogram (EMG) after isolated and combined stimuli in 17 healthy subjects. Then, to determine whether PMv controlled propriospinal neurons directly or through PMv‐M1 interaction, we tested the connectivity between PMv and propriospinal neurons after a functional disruption of M1 produced by paired continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS). TMS over M1 or PMv produced reflex inhibition significantly stronger on combined stimulations, compared to the algebraic sum of effects induced by isolated stimuli. The extra‐inhibition induced by PMv stimulation remained even after cTBS which depressed M1 excitability. The extra‐inhibition suggests the existence of input convergence between peripheral afferents and corticospinal inputs onto inhibitory propriospinal neurons. Our results support the existence of direct descending influence from M1 and PMv onto inhibitory propriospinal neurons in humans, possibly though direct corticospinal or via reticulospinal inputs.
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spelling pubmed-56612262017-11-01 Corticospinal control from M1 and PMv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans Giboin, Louis‐Solal Sangari, Sina Lackmy‐Vallée, Alexandra Messé, Arnaud Pradat‐Diehl, Pascale Marchand‐Pauvert, Véronique Physiol Rep Original Research Inhibitory propriospinal neurons with diffuse projections onto upper limb motoneurons have been revealed in humans using peripheral nerve stimulation. This system is supposed to mediate descending inhibition to motoneurons, to prevent unwilling muscle activity. However, the corticospinal control onto inhibitory propriospinal neurons has never been investigated so far in humans. We addressed the question whether inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons receive corticospinal inputs from primary motor (M1) and ventral premotor areas (PMv) using spatial facilitation method. We have stimulated M1 or PMv using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and/or median nerve whose afferents are known to activate inhibitory propriospinal neurons. Potential input convergence was evaluated by studying the change in monosynaptic reflexes produced in wrist extensor electromyogram (EMG) after isolated and combined stimuli in 17 healthy subjects. Then, to determine whether PMv controlled propriospinal neurons directly or through PMv‐M1 interaction, we tested the connectivity between PMv and propriospinal neurons after a functional disruption of M1 produced by paired continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS). TMS over M1 or PMv produced reflex inhibition significantly stronger on combined stimulations, compared to the algebraic sum of effects induced by isolated stimuli. The extra‐inhibition induced by PMv stimulation remained even after cTBS which depressed M1 excitability. The extra‐inhibition suggests the existence of input convergence between peripheral afferents and corticospinal inputs onto inhibitory propriospinal neurons. Our results support the existence of direct descending influence from M1 and PMv onto inhibitory propriospinal neurons in humans, possibly though direct corticospinal or via reticulospinal inputs. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5661226/ /pubmed/29084839 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13387 Text en © 2017 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Giboin, Louis‐Solal
Sangari, Sina
Lackmy‐Vallée, Alexandra
Messé, Arnaud
Pradat‐Diehl, Pascale
Marchand‐Pauvert, Véronique
Corticospinal control from M1 and PMv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans
title Corticospinal control from M1 and PMv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans
title_full Corticospinal control from M1 and PMv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans
title_fullStr Corticospinal control from M1 and PMv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans
title_full_unstemmed Corticospinal control from M1 and PMv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans
title_short Corticospinal control from M1 and PMv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans
title_sort corticospinal control from m1 and pmv areas on inhibitory cervical propriospinal neurons in humans
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5661226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29084839
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13387
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