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Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum

P. expansum is regarded as one of the most important postharvest rots of apple fruit and is also of great concern to fruit processing industries. Elucidating the pathogenicity mechanism of this pathogen is of utmost importance for the development of effective and safe management strategies. Although...

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Autores principales: Levin, Elena, Ballester, Ana Rosa, Raphael, Ginat, Feigenberg, Oleg, Liu, Yongsheng, Norelli, John, Gonzalez-Candelas, Luis, Ma, Jing, Dardick, Christopher, Wisniewski, Michael, Droby, Samir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5662087/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29084256
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186023
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author Levin, Elena
Ballester, Ana Rosa
Raphael, Ginat
Feigenberg, Oleg
Liu, Yongsheng
Norelli, John
Gonzalez-Candelas, Luis
Ma, Jing
Dardick, Christopher
Wisniewski, Michael
Droby, Samir
author_facet Levin, Elena
Ballester, Ana Rosa
Raphael, Ginat
Feigenberg, Oleg
Liu, Yongsheng
Norelli, John
Gonzalez-Candelas, Luis
Ma, Jing
Dardick, Christopher
Wisniewski, Michael
Droby, Samir
author_sort Levin, Elena
collection PubMed
description P. expansum is regarded as one of the most important postharvest rots of apple fruit and is also of great concern to fruit processing industries. Elucidating the pathogenicity mechanism of this pathogen is of utmost importance for the development of effective and safe management strategies. Although, many studies on modification of the host environment by the pathogen were done, its interactions with fruit during the early stages of infection and the virulence factors that mediate pathogenicity have not been fully defined. Effectors carrying LysM domain have been identified in numerous pathogenic fungi and their role in the first stages of infection has been established. In this study, we identified 18 LysM genes in the P. expansum genome. Amino acid sequence analysis indicated that P. expansum LysM proteins belong to a clade of fungal-specific LysM. Eleven of the discovered LysM genes were found to have secretory pathway signal peptide, among them, 4 (PeLysM1 PeLysM2, PeLysM3 and PeLysM4) were found to be highly expressed during the infection and development of decay of apple fruit. Effect of targeted deletion of the four putative PeLysM effectors on the growth and pathogenicity was studied. Possible interactions of PeLysM with host proteins was investigated using the yeast-two-hybrid system.
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spelling pubmed-56620872017-11-09 Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum Levin, Elena Ballester, Ana Rosa Raphael, Ginat Feigenberg, Oleg Liu, Yongsheng Norelli, John Gonzalez-Candelas, Luis Ma, Jing Dardick, Christopher Wisniewski, Michael Droby, Samir PLoS One Research Article P. expansum is regarded as one of the most important postharvest rots of apple fruit and is also of great concern to fruit processing industries. Elucidating the pathogenicity mechanism of this pathogen is of utmost importance for the development of effective and safe management strategies. Although, many studies on modification of the host environment by the pathogen were done, its interactions with fruit during the early stages of infection and the virulence factors that mediate pathogenicity have not been fully defined. Effectors carrying LysM domain have been identified in numerous pathogenic fungi and their role in the first stages of infection has been established. In this study, we identified 18 LysM genes in the P. expansum genome. Amino acid sequence analysis indicated that P. expansum LysM proteins belong to a clade of fungal-specific LysM. Eleven of the discovered LysM genes were found to have secretory pathway signal peptide, among them, 4 (PeLysM1 PeLysM2, PeLysM3 and PeLysM4) were found to be highly expressed during the infection and development of decay of apple fruit. Effect of targeted deletion of the four putative PeLysM effectors on the growth and pathogenicity was studied. Possible interactions of PeLysM with host proteins was investigated using the yeast-two-hybrid system. Public Library of Science 2017-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5662087/ /pubmed/29084256 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186023 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Levin, Elena
Ballester, Ana Rosa
Raphael, Ginat
Feigenberg, Oleg
Liu, Yongsheng
Norelli, John
Gonzalez-Candelas, Luis
Ma, Jing
Dardick, Christopher
Wisniewski, Michael
Droby, Samir
Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum
title Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum
title_full Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum
title_fullStr Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum
title_full_unstemmed Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum
title_short Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum
title_sort identification and characterization of lysm effectors in penicillium expansum
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5662087/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29084256
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186023
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