Ethylenediamine grafted to graphene oxide@Fe(3)O(4) for chromium(VI) decontamination: Performance, modelling, and fractional factorial design

A method for grafting ethylenediamine to a magnetic graphene oxide composite (EDA-GO@Fe(3)O(4)) was developed for Cr(VI) decontamination. The physicochemical properties of EDA-GO@Fe(3)O(4) were characterized using HRTEM, EDS, FT-IR, TG-DSC, and XPS. The effects of pH, sorbent dose, foreign anions, time, Cr(VI) concentration, and temperature on decontamination process were studied. The solution pH can largely affect the decontamination process. The pseudo-second-order model is suitable for being applied to fit the adsorption processes of Cr(VI) with GO@Fe(3)O(4) and EDA-GO@Fe(3)O(4). The intra-particle diffusion is not the rate-controlling step. Isotherm experimental data can be described using the Freundlich model. The effects of multiple factors on the Cr(VI) decontamination was investigated by a 2(5−1) fractional factorial design (FFD). The adsorption process can significantly be affected by the main effects of A (pH), B (Cr(VI) concentration), and E (Adsorbent dose). The combined factors of AB (pH × Cr(VI) concentration), AE (pH × Adsorbent dose), and BC (Cr(VI) concentration × Temperature) had larger effects than other factors on Cr(VI) removal. These results indicated that EDA-GO@Fe(3)O(4) is a potential and suitable candidate for treatment of heavy metal wastewater.