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Increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation
Recent empirical evidence suggests that autistic individuals perceive the world differently than their typically-developed peers. One theoretical account, the predictive coding hypothesis, posits that autistic individuals show a decreased reliance on previous perceptual experiences, which may relate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5662613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29085016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14632-1 |
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author | Stevenson, Ryan A. Toulmin, Jennifer K. Youm, Ariana Besney, Richard M. A. Schulz, Samantha E. Barense, Morgan D. Ferber, Susanne |
author_facet | Stevenson, Ryan A. Toulmin, Jennifer K. Youm, Ariana Besney, Richard M. A. Schulz, Samantha E. Barense, Morgan D. Ferber, Susanne |
author_sort | Stevenson, Ryan A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Recent empirical evidence suggests that autistic individuals perceive the world differently than their typically-developed peers. One theoretical account, the predictive coding hypothesis, posits that autistic individuals show a decreased reliance on previous perceptual experiences, which may relate to autism symptomatology. We tested this through a well-characterized, audiovisual statistical-learning paradigm in which typically-developed participants were first adapted to consistent temporal relationships between audiovisual stimulus pairs (audio-leading, synchronous, visual-leading) and then performed a simultaneity judgement task with audiovisual stimulus pairs varying in temporal offset from auditory-leading to visual-leading. Following exposure to the visual-leading adaptation phase, participants’ perception of synchrony was biased towards visual-leading presentations, reflecting the statistical regularities of their previously experienced environment. Importantly, the strength of adaptation was significantly related to the level of autistic traits that the participant exhibited, measured by the Autism Quotient (AQ). This was specific to the Attention to Detail subscale of the AQ that assesses the perceptual propensity to focus on fine-grain aspects of sensory input at the expense of more integrative perceptions. More severe Attention to Detail was related to weaker adaptation. These results support the predictive coding framework, and suggest that changes in sensory perception commonly reported in autism may contribute to autistic symptomatology. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5662613 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56626132017-11-08 Increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation Stevenson, Ryan A. Toulmin, Jennifer K. Youm, Ariana Besney, Richard M. A. Schulz, Samantha E. Barense, Morgan D. Ferber, Susanne Sci Rep Article Recent empirical evidence suggests that autistic individuals perceive the world differently than their typically-developed peers. One theoretical account, the predictive coding hypothesis, posits that autistic individuals show a decreased reliance on previous perceptual experiences, which may relate to autism symptomatology. We tested this through a well-characterized, audiovisual statistical-learning paradigm in which typically-developed participants were first adapted to consistent temporal relationships between audiovisual stimulus pairs (audio-leading, synchronous, visual-leading) and then performed a simultaneity judgement task with audiovisual stimulus pairs varying in temporal offset from auditory-leading to visual-leading. Following exposure to the visual-leading adaptation phase, participants’ perception of synchrony was biased towards visual-leading presentations, reflecting the statistical regularities of their previously experienced environment. Importantly, the strength of adaptation was significantly related to the level of autistic traits that the participant exhibited, measured by the Autism Quotient (AQ). This was specific to the Attention to Detail subscale of the AQ that assesses the perceptual propensity to focus on fine-grain aspects of sensory input at the expense of more integrative perceptions. More severe Attention to Detail was related to weaker adaptation. These results support the predictive coding framework, and suggest that changes in sensory perception commonly reported in autism may contribute to autistic symptomatology. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5662613/ /pubmed/29085016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14632-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Stevenson, Ryan A. Toulmin, Jennifer K. Youm, Ariana Besney, Richard M. A. Schulz, Samantha E. Barense, Morgan D. Ferber, Susanne Increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation |
title | Increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation |
title_full | Increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation |
title_fullStr | Increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation |
title_full_unstemmed | Increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation |
title_short | Increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation |
title_sort | increases in the autistic trait of attention to detail are associated with decreased multisensory temporal adaptation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5662613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29085016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14632-1 |
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