Cargando…

Challenges and Advances for Genetic Engineering of Non-model Bacteria and Uses in Consolidated Bioprocessing

Metabolic diversity in microorganisms can provide the basis for creating novel biochemical products. However, most metabolic engineering projects utilize a handful of established model organisms and thus, a challenge for harnessing the potential of novel microbial functions is the ability to either...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Yan, Qiang, Fong, Stephen S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5662904/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29123506
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02060
_version_ 1783274731658543104
author Yan, Qiang
Fong, Stephen S.
author_facet Yan, Qiang
Fong, Stephen S.
author_sort Yan, Qiang
collection PubMed
description Metabolic diversity in microorganisms can provide the basis for creating novel biochemical products. However, most metabolic engineering projects utilize a handful of established model organisms and thus, a challenge for harnessing the potential of novel microbial functions is the ability to either heterologously express novel genes or directly utilize non-model organisms. Genetic manipulation of non-model microorganisms is still challenging due to organism-specific nuances that hinder universal molecular genetic tools and translatable knowledge of intracellular biochemical pathways and regulatory mechanisms. However, in the past several years, unprecedented progress has been made in synthetic biology, molecular genetics tools development, applications of omics data techniques, and computational tools that can aid in developing non-model hosts in a systematic manner. In this review, we focus on concerns and approaches related to working with non-model microorganisms including developing molecular genetics tools such as shuttle vectors, selectable markers, and expression systems. In addition, we will discuss: (1) current techniques in controlling gene expression (transcriptional/translational level), (2) advances in site-specific genome engineering tools [homologous recombination (HR) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)], and (3) advances in genome-scale metabolic models (GSMMs) in guiding design of non-model species. Application of these principles to metabolic engineering strategies for consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) will be discussed along with some brief comments on foreseeable future prospects.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5662904
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2017
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-56629042017-11-09 Challenges and Advances for Genetic Engineering of Non-model Bacteria and Uses in Consolidated Bioprocessing Yan, Qiang Fong, Stephen S. Front Microbiol Microbiology Metabolic diversity in microorganisms can provide the basis for creating novel biochemical products. However, most metabolic engineering projects utilize a handful of established model organisms and thus, a challenge for harnessing the potential of novel microbial functions is the ability to either heterologously express novel genes or directly utilize non-model organisms. Genetic manipulation of non-model microorganisms is still challenging due to organism-specific nuances that hinder universal molecular genetic tools and translatable knowledge of intracellular biochemical pathways and regulatory mechanisms. However, in the past several years, unprecedented progress has been made in synthetic biology, molecular genetics tools development, applications of omics data techniques, and computational tools that can aid in developing non-model hosts in a systematic manner. In this review, we focus on concerns and approaches related to working with non-model microorganisms including developing molecular genetics tools such as shuttle vectors, selectable markers, and expression systems. In addition, we will discuss: (1) current techniques in controlling gene expression (transcriptional/translational level), (2) advances in site-specific genome engineering tools [homologous recombination (HR) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)], and (3) advances in genome-scale metabolic models (GSMMs) in guiding design of non-model species. Application of these principles to metabolic engineering strategies for consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) will be discussed along with some brief comments on foreseeable future prospects. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5662904/ /pubmed/29123506 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02060 Text en Copyright © 2017 Yan and Fong. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Yan, Qiang
Fong, Stephen S.
Challenges and Advances for Genetic Engineering of Non-model Bacteria and Uses in Consolidated Bioprocessing
title Challenges and Advances for Genetic Engineering of Non-model Bacteria and Uses in Consolidated Bioprocessing
title_full Challenges and Advances for Genetic Engineering of Non-model Bacteria and Uses in Consolidated Bioprocessing
title_fullStr Challenges and Advances for Genetic Engineering of Non-model Bacteria and Uses in Consolidated Bioprocessing
title_full_unstemmed Challenges and Advances for Genetic Engineering of Non-model Bacteria and Uses in Consolidated Bioprocessing
title_short Challenges and Advances for Genetic Engineering of Non-model Bacteria and Uses in Consolidated Bioprocessing
title_sort challenges and advances for genetic engineering of non-model bacteria and uses in consolidated bioprocessing
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5662904/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29123506
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02060
work_keys_str_mv AT yanqiang challengesandadvancesforgeneticengineeringofnonmodelbacteriaandusesinconsolidatedbioprocessing
AT fongstephens challengesandadvancesforgeneticengineeringofnonmodelbacteriaandusesinconsolidatedbioprocessing