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Direct observation of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions
Galvanic replacement (GR) is a simple and widely used approach to synthesize hollow nanostructures for applications in catalysis, plasmonics, and biomedical research. The reaction is driven by the difference in electrochemical potential between two metals in a solution. However, transient stages of...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5663914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29089478 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01175-2 |
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author | Chee, See Wee Tan, Shu Fen Baraissov, Zhaslan Bosman, Michel Mirsaidov, Utkur |
author_facet | Chee, See Wee Tan, Shu Fen Baraissov, Zhaslan Bosman, Michel Mirsaidov, Utkur |
author_sort | Chee, See Wee |
collection | PubMed |
description | Galvanic replacement (GR) is a simple and widely used approach to synthesize hollow nanostructures for applications in catalysis, plasmonics, and biomedical research. The reaction is driven by the difference in electrochemical potential between two metals in a solution. However, transient stages of this reaction are not fully understood. Here, we show using liquid cell transmission electron microscopy that silver (Ag) nanocubes become hollow via the nucleation, growth, and coalescence of voids inside the nanocubes, as they undergo GR with gold (Au) ions at different temperatures. These direct in situ observations indicate that void formation due to the nanoscale Kirkendall effect occurs in conjunction with GR. Although this mechanism has been suggested before, it has not been verified experimentally until now. These experiments can inform future strategies for deriving such nanostructures by providing insights into the structural transformations as a function of Au ion concentration, oxidation state of Au, and temperature. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5663914 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56639142017-11-02 Direct observation of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions Chee, See Wee Tan, Shu Fen Baraissov, Zhaslan Bosman, Michel Mirsaidov, Utkur Nat Commun Article Galvanic replacement (GR) is a simple and widely used approach to synthesize hollow nanostructures for applications in catalysis, plasmonics, and biomedical research. The reaction is driven by the difference in electrochemical potential between two metals in a solution. However, transient stages of this reaction are not fully understood. Here, we show using liquid cell transmission electron microscopy that silver (Ag) nanocubes become hollow via the nucleation, growth, and coalescence of voids inside the nanocubes, as they undergo GR with gold (Au) ions at different temperatures. These direct in situ observations indicate that void formation due to the nanoscale Kirkendall effect occurs in conjunction with GR. Although this mechanism has been suggested before, it has not been verified experimentally until now. These experiments can inform future strategies for deriving such nanostructures by providing insights into the structural transformations as a function of Au ion concentration, oxidation state of Au, and temperature. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-10-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5663914/ /pubmed/29089478 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01175-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Chee, See Wee Tan, Shu Fen Baraissov, Zhaslan Bosman, Michel Mirsaidov, Utkur Direct observation of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions |
title | Direct observation of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions |
title_full | Direct observation of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions |
title_fullStr | Direct observation of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions |
title_full_unstemmed | Direct observation of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions |
title_short | Direct observation of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions |
title_sort | direct observation of the nanoscale kirkendall effect during galvanic replacement reactions |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5663914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29089478 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01175-2 |
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