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Chromosome Evolution in Connection with Repetitive Sequences and Epigenetics in Plants

Chromosome evolution is a fundamental aspect of evolutionary biology. The evolution of chromosome size, structure and shape, number, and the change in DNA composition suggest the high plasticity of nuclear genomes at the chromosomal level. Repetitive DNA sequences, which represent a conspicuous frac...

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Autores principales: Li, Shu-Fen, Su, Ting, Cheng, Guang-Qian, Wang, Bing-Xiao, Li, Xu, Deng, Chuan-Liang, Gao, Wu-Jun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664140/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29064432
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes8100290
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author Li, Shu-Fen
Su, Ting
Cheng, Guang-Qian
Wang, Bing-Xiao
Li, Xu
Deng, Chuan-Liang
Gao, Wu-Jun
author_facet Li, Shu-Fen
Su, Ting
Cheng, Guang-Qian
Wang, Bing-Xiao
Li, Xu
Deng, Chuan-Liang
Gao, Wu-Jun
author_sort Li, Shu-Fen
collection PubMed
description Chromosome evolution is a fundamental aspect of evolutionary biology. The evolution of chromosome size, structure and shape, number, and the change in DNA composition suggest the high plasticity of nuclear genomes at the chromosomal level. Repetitive DNA sequences, which represent a conspicuous fraction of every eukaryotic genome, particularly in plants, are found to be tightly linked with plant chromosome evolution. Different classes of repetitive sequences have distinct distribution patterns on the chromosomes. Mounting evidence shows that repetitive sequences may play multiple generative roles in shaping the chromosome karyotypes in plants. Furthermore, recent development in our understanding of the repetitive sequences and plant chromosome evolution has elucidated the involvement of a spectrum of epigenetic modification. In this review, we focused on the recent evidence relating to the distribution pattern of repetitive sequences in plant chromosomes and highlighted their potential relevance to chromosome evolution in plants. We also discussed the possible connections between evolution and epigenetic alterations in chromosome structure and repatterning, such as heterochromatin formation, centromere function, and epigenetic-associated transposable element inactivation.
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spelling pubmed-56641402017-11-06 Chromosome Evolution in Connection with Repetitive Sequences and Epigenetics in Plants Li, Shu-Fen Su, Ting Cheng, Guang-Qian Wang, Bing-Xiao Li, Xu Deng, Chuan-Liang Gao, Wu-Jun Genes (Basel) Review Chromosome evolution is a fundamental aspect of evolutionary biology. The evolution of chromosome size, structure and shape, number, and the change in DNA composition suggest the high plasticity of nuclear genomes at the chromosomal level. Repetitive DNA sequences, which represent a conspicuous fraction of every eukaryotic genome, particularly in plants, are found to be tightly linked with plant chromosome evolution. Different classes of repetitive sequences have distinct distribution patterns on the chromosomes. Mounting evidence shows that repetitive sequences may play multiple generative roles in shaping the chromosome karyotypes in plants. Furthermore, recent development in our understanding of the repetitive sequences and plant chromosome evolution has elucidated the involvement of a spectrum of epigenetic modification. In this review, we focused on the recent evidence relating to the distribution pattern of repetitive sequences in plant chromosomes and highlighted their potential relevance to chromosome evolution in plants. We also discussed the possible connections between evolution and epigenetic alterations in chromosome structure and repatterning, such as heterochromatin formation, centromere function, and epigenetic-associated transposable element inactivation. MDPI 2017-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5664140/ /pubmed/29064432 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes8100290 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Li, Shu-Fen
Su, Ting
Cheng, Guang-Qian
Wang, Bing-Xiao
Li, Xu
Deng, Chuan-Liang
Gao, Wu-Jun
Chromosome Evolution in Connection with Repetitive Sequences and Epigenetics in Plants
title Chromosome Evolution in Connection with Repetitive Sequences and Epigenetics in Plants
title_full Chromosome Evolution in Connection with Repetitive Sequences and Epigenetics in Plants
title_fullStr Chromosome Evolution in Connection with Repetitive Sequences and Epigenetics in Plants
title_full_unstemmed Chromosome Evolution in Connection with Repetitive Sequences and Epigenetics in Plants
title_short Chromosome Evolution in Connection with Repetitive Sequences and Epigenetics in Plants
title_sort chromosome evolution in connection with repetitive sequences and epigenetics in plants
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664140/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29064432
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes8100290
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