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Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991–2014
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity among non-pregnant urban women in Africa over the past two and a half decades. DESIGN: Cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1991 and 2014. SETTINGS: Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), repeated cross-sectional data coll...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5665233/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29079606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017344 |
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author | Amugsi, Dickson Abanimi Dimbuene, Zacharie T Mberu, Blessing Muthuri, Stella Ezeh, Alex C |
author_facet | Amugsi, Dickson Abanimi Dimbuene, Zacharie T Mberu, Blessing Muthuri, Stella Ezeh, Alex C |
author_sort | Amugsi, Dickson Abanimi |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity among non-pregnant urban women in Africa over the past two and a half decades. DESIGN: Cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1991 and 2014. SETTINGS: Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), repeated cross-sectional data collected in 24 African countries. PARTICIPANTS: Adult non-pregnant women aged 15–49 years. The earlier DHS collected anthropometric data on only those women who had children aged 0–5 years. The main analyses were limited to this subgroup. The participants were classified as overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m(2)) and obese (≥30.0 kg/m(2)). RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women increased in all the 24 countries. Trends were statistically significant in 17 of the 24 countries in the case of obesity and 13 of the 24 for overweight. In Ghana, overweight almost doubled (p=0.001) while obesity tripled (p=0.001) between 1993 and 2014. Egypt has the highest levels of overweight and obesity at 44% (95% CI 42%, 46.5%) and 39% (95% CI 36.6%, 41.8%), respectively, in 2014 and the trend showed significant increase (p=0.005) from 1995 levels. Also, obesity doubled in Kenya, Benin, Niger, Rwanda, Ivory Coast and Uganda, while tripled in Zambia, Burkina Faso, Mali, Malawi and Tanzania. Ethiopia and Madagascar had the lowest prevalence of both obesity and overweight, with overweight ranging from 7% to 12% and obesity from 1% to 4%. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity are increasing among women of reproductive age in urban Africa, with obesity among this age group having more than doubled or tripled in 12 of the 24 countries. There is an urgent need for deliberate policies and interventions to encourage active lifestyles and healthy eating behaviour to curb this trend in urban Africa. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5665233 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56652332017-11-15 Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991–2014 Amugsi, Dickson Abanimi Dimbuene, Zacharie T Mberu, Blessing Muthuri, Stella Ezeh, Alex C BMJ Open Epidemiology OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity among non-pregnant urban women in Africa over the past two and a half decades. DESIGN: Cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1991 and 2014. SETTINGS: Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), repeated cross-sectional data collected in 24 African countries. PARTICIPANTS: Adult non-pregnant women aged 15–49 years. The earlier DHS collected anthropometric data on only those women who had children aged 0–5 years. The main analyses were limited to this subgroup. The participants were classified as overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m(2)) and obese (≥30.0 kg/m(2)). RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women increased in all the 24 countries. Trends were statistically significant in 17 of the 24 countries in the case of obesity and 13 of the 24 for overweight. In Ghana, overweight almost doubled (p=0.001) while obesity tripled (p=0.001) between 1993 and 2014. Egypt has the highest levels of overweight and obesity at 44% (95% CI 42%, 46.5%) and 39% (95% CI 36.6%, 41.8%), respectively, in 2014 and the trend showed significant increase (p=0.005) from 1995 levels. Also, obesity doubled in Kenya, Benin, Niger, Rwanda, Ivory Coast and Uganda, while tripled in Zambia, Burkina Faso, Mali, Malawi and Tanzania. Ethiopia and Madagascar had the lowest prevalence of both obesity and overweight, with overweight ranging from 7% to 12% and obesity from 1% to 4%. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity are increasing among women of reproductive age in urban Africa, with obesity among this age group having more than doubled or tripled in 12 of the 24 countries. There is an urgent need for deliberate policies and interventions to encourage active lifestyles and healthy eating behaviour to curb this trend in urban Africa. BMJ Publishing Group 2017-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC5665233/ /pubmed/29079606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017344 Text en © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Epidemiology Amugsi, Dickson Abanimi Dimbuene, Zacharie T Mberu, Blessing Muthuri, Stella Ezeh, Alex C Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991–2014 |
title | Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991–2014 |
title_full | Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991–2014 |
title_fullStr | Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991–2014 |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991–2014 |
title_short | Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991–2014 |
title_sort | prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 african countries, 1991–2014 |
topic | Epidemiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5665233/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29079606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017344 |
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