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Pathogenic Role of Exosomes in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Cancers

Exosomes are 40- to 100-nm membrane-bound small vesicles that carry a great variety of cellular cargoes including proteins, DNA, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). These nanovesicles are detected in various biological fluids such as serum, urine, saliva, and seminal fluids. Exosomes ser...

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Autores principales: Teow, Sin-Yeang, Liew, Kitson, Khoo, Alan Soo-Beng, Peh, Suat-Cheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Ivyspring International Publisher 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5666526/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29104494
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.19531
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author Teow, Sin-Yeang
Liew, Kitson
Khoo, Alan Soo-Beng
Peh, Suat-Cheng
author_facet Teow, Sin-Yeang
Liew, Kitson
Khoo, Alan Soo-Beng
Peh, Suat-Cheng
author_sort Teow, Sin-Yeang
collection PubMed
description Exosomes are 40- to 100-nm membrane-bound small vesicles that carry a great variety of cellular cargoes including proteins, DNA, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). These nanovesicles are detected in various biological fluids such as serum, urine, saliva, and seminal fluids. Exosomes serve as key mediators in intercellular communication by facilitating the transfer and exchange of cellular components from cells to cells. They contain various pathogenic factors whereby their adverse effects have been implicated in multiple viral infections and cancers. Interestingly, accumulating evidences showed that exosomes derived from tumour viruses or oncoviruses, exacerbate virus-associated cancers by remodelling the tumour microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the contributing factors of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) products-containing exosomes in viral pathogenesis and their potential implications in EBV-driven malignancies. Understanding the biological role of these exosomes in the disease would undoubtedly boost the development of a more comprehensive strategy to combat EBV-associated cancers and to better predict the therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, we also highlight the potentials and challenges of EBV products-containing exosomes being employed as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for EBV-related cancers. Since these aspects are rather underexplored, we attempt to underline interesting areas that warrant further investigations in the future.
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spelling pubmed-56665262017-11-04 Pathogenic Role of Exosomes in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Cancers Teow, Sin-Yeang Liew, Kitson Khoo, Alan Soo-Beng Peh, Suat-Cheng Int J Biol Sci Review Exosomes are 40- to 100-nm membrane-bound small vesicles that carry a great variety of cellular cargoes including proteins, DNA, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). These nanovesicles are detected in various biological fluids such as serum, urine, saliva, and seminal fluids. Exosomes serve as key mediators in intercellular communication by facilitating the transfer and exchange of cellular components from cells to cells. They contain various pathogenic factors whereby their adverse effects have been implicated in multiple viral infections and cancers. Interestingly, accumulating evidences showed that exosomes derived from tumour viruses or oncoviruses, exacerbate virus-associated cancers by remodelling the tumour microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the contributing factors of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) products-containing exosomes in viral pathogenesis and their potential implications in EBV-driven malignancies. Understanding the biological role of these exosomes in the disease would undoubtedly boost the development of a more comprehensive strategy to combat EBV-associated cancers and to better predict the therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, we also highlight the potentials and challenges of EBV products-containing exosomes being employed as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for EBV-related cancers. Since these aspects are rather underexplored, we attempt to underline interesting areas that warrant further investigations in the future. Ivyspring International Publisher 2017-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC5666526/ /pubmed/29104494 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.19531 Text en © Ivyspring International Publisher This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
spellingShingle Review
Teow, Sin-Yeang
Liew, Kitson
Khoo, Alan Soo-Beng
Peh, Suat-Cheng
Pathogenic Role of Exosomes in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Cancers
title Pathogenic Role of Exosomes in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Cancers
title_full Pathogenic Role of Exosomes in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Cancers
title_fullStr Pathogenic Role of Exosomes in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Cancers
title_full_unstemmed Pathogenic Role of Exosomes in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Cancers
title_short Pathogenic Role of Exosomes in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Cancers
title_sort pathogenic role of exosomes in epstein-barr virus (ebv)-associated cancers
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5666526/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29104494
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.19531
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