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Association between Stress and the HPA Axis in the Atopic Dermatitis

The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the body’s neuroendocrine networks that responds to psychological stress (PS). In the skin, there exists a peripheral HPA axis similar to the central axis. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are key effector molecules of the HPA axis and are essential for c...

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Autores principales: Lin, Tzu-Kai, Zhong, Lily, Santiago, Juan Luis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5666813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29023418
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102131
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author Lin, Tzu-Kai
Zhong, Lily
Santiago, Juan Luis
author_facet Lin, Tzu-Kai
Zhong, Lily
Santiago, Juan Luis
author_sort Lin, Tzu-Kai
collection PubMed
description The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the body’s neuroendocrine networks that responds to psychological stress (PS). In the skin, there exists a peripheral HPA axis similar to the central axis. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are key effector molecules of the HPA axis and are essential for cutaneous homeostasis. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a condition typically characterized by a chronic relapsing course that often results in PS. HPA dysfunction is present in AD patients by the decreased response of GCs elevation to stress as compared to those unaffected by AD. Nevertheless, in skin, acute PS activates several metabolic responses that are of immediate benefit to the host. During the acute phase of PS, increased endogenous GCs have been shown to provide benefit rather than by aggravating cutaneous inflammatory dermatoses. However, a chronic T helper cell type 2 (Th2) predominant cytokine profile acts as a negative feedback loop to blunt the HPA axis response in AD. In this article, we reviewed the role of CRF, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides, GCs of the HPA, and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) in AD, with a discussion of the pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammation and skin barrier functions, including antimicrobial defense, and their association with PS.
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spelling pubmed-56668132017-11-09 Association between Stress and the HPA Axis in the Atopic Dermatitis Lin, Tzu-Kai Zhong, Lily Santiago, Juan Luis Int J Mol Sci Review The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the body’s neuroendocrine networks that responds to psychological stress (PS). In the skin, there exists a peripheral HPA axis similar to the central axis. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are key effector molecules of the HPA axis and are essential for cutaneous homeostasis. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a condition typically characterized by a chronic relapsing course that often results in PS. HPA dysfunction is present in AD patients by the decreased response of GCs elevation to stress as compared to those unaffected by AD. Nevertheless, in skin, acute PS activates several metabolic responses that are of immediate benefit to the host. During the acute phase of PS, increased endogenous GCs have been shown to provide benefit rather than by aggravating cutaneous inflammatory dermatoses. However, a chronic T helper cell type 2 (Th2) predominant cytokine profile acts as a negative feedback loop to blunt the HPA axis response in AD. In this article, we reviewed the role of CRF, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides, GCs of the HPA, and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) in AD, with a discussion of the pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammation and skin barrier functions, including antimicrobial defense, and their association with PS. MDPI 2017-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5666813/ /pubmed/29023418 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102131 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lin, Tzu-Kai
Zhong, Lily
Santiago, Juan Luis
Association between Stress and the HPA Axis in the Atopic Dermatitis
title Association between Stress and the HPA Axis in the Atopic Dermatitis
title_full Association between Stress and the HPA Axis in the Atopic Dermatitis
title_fullStr Association between Stress and the HPA Axis in the Atopic Dermatitis
title_full_unstemmed Association between Stress and the HPA Axis in the Atopic Dermatitis
title_short Association between Stress and the HPA Axis in the Atopic Dermatitis
title_sort association between stress and the hpa axis in the atopic dermatitis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5666813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29023418
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102131
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