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Autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom

Cell mortality is a key mechanism that shapes phytoplankton blooms and species dynamics in aquatic environments. Here we show that sterol sulfates (StS) are regulatory molecules of a cell death program in Skeletonema marinoi, a marine diatom-blooming species in temperate coastal waters. The molecule...

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Autores principales: Gallo, Carmela, d’Ippolito, Giuliana, Nuzzo, Genoveffa, Sardo, Angela, Fontana, Angelo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5670183/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29101388
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01300-1
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author Gallo, Carmela
d’Ippolito, Giuliana
Nuzzo, Genoveffa
Sardo, Angela
Fontana, Angelo
author_facet Gallo, Carmela
d’Ippolito, Giuliana
Nuzzo, Genoveffa
Sardo, Angela
Fontana, Angelo
author_sort Gallo, Carmela
collection PubMed
description Cell mortality is a key mechanism that shapes phytoplankton blooms and species dynamics in aquatic environments. Here we show that sterol sulfates (StS) are regulatory molecules of a cell death program in Skeletonema marinoi, a marine diatom-blooming species in temperate coastal waters. The molecules trigger an oxidative burst and production of nitric oxide in a dose-dependent manner. The intracellular level of StS increases with cell ageing and ultimately leads to a mechanism of apoptosis-like death. Disrupting StS biosynthesis by inhibition of the sulfonation step significantly delays the onset of this fatal process and maintains steady growth in algal cells for several days. The autoinhibitory activity of StS demonstrates the functional significance of small metabolites in diatoms. The StS pathway provides another view on cell regulation during bloom dynamics in marine habitats and opens new opportunities for the biochemical control of mass-cultivation of microalgae.
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spelling pubmed-56701832017-11-07 Autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom Gallo, Carmela d’Ippolito, Giuliana Nuzzo, Genoveffa Sardo, Angela Fontana, Angelo Nat Commun Article Cell mortality is a key mechanism that shapes phytoplankton blooms and species dynamics in aquatic environments. Here we show that sterol sulfates (StS) are regulatory molecules of a cell death program in Skeletonema marinoi, a marine diatom-blooming species in temperate coastal waters. The molecules trigger an oxidative burst and production of nitric oxide in a dose-dependent manner. The intracellular level of StS increases with cell ageing and ultimately leads to a mechanism of apoptosis-like death. Disrupting StS biosynthesis by inhibition of the sulfonation step significantly delays the onset of this fatal process and maintains steady growth in algal cells for several days. The autoinhibitory activity of StS demonstrates the functional significance of small metabolites in diatoms. The StS pathway provides another view on cell regulation during bloom dynamics in marine habitats and opens new opportunities for the biochemical control of mass-cultivation of microalgae. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5670183/ /pubmed/29101388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01300-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Gallo, Carmela
d’Ippolito, Giuliana
Nuzzo, Genoveffa
Sardo, Angela
Fontana, Angelo
Autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom
title Autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom
title_full Autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom
title_fullStr Autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom
title_full_unstemmed Autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom
title_short Autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom
title_sort autoinhibitory sterol sulfates mediate programmed cell death in a bloom-forming marine diatom
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5670183/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29101388
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01300-1
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