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What Goes Around, Comes Around – HSV-1 Replication in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

HSV-1 is a very successful human pathogen, known for its high sero-prevalence and the ability to infect a wide range of different cell types, including dendritic cells (DCs). As very potent antigen-presenting cells DCs play an important role in the induction of antiviral immune responses and therefo...

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Autores principales: Grosche, Linda, Kummer, Mirko, Steinkasserer, Alexander
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5674004/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29163433
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02149
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author Grosche, Linda
Kummer, Mirko
Steinkasserer, Alexander
author_facet Grosche, Linda
Kummer, Mirko
Steinkasserer, Alexander
author_sort Grosche, Linda
collection PubMed
description HSV-1 is a very successful human pathogen, known for its high sero-prevalence and the ability to infect a wide range of different cell types, including dendritic cells (DCs). As very potent antigen-presenting cells DCs play an important role in the induction of antiviral immune responses and therefore represent a strategic target for viral-mediated immune escape mechanisms. It is known that HSV-1 completes its gene expression profile in immature as well as in mature DCs, while lytic infection is only found in immature DCs (iDCs). Notably, HSV-1 infected mature DCs (mDCs) fail to release infectious progeny virions into the supernatant. Apart from HSV-1 dissemination via extracellular routes cell-to-cell spread counteracts a yet unknown mechanism by which the virus is trapped in mDCs and not released into the supernatant. The dissemination in a cell–cell contact-dependent manner enables HSV-1 to infect bystander cells without the exposure toward the extracellular environment. This supports the virus to successfully infect the host and establish latency. In this review the mechanism of HSV-1 replication in iDCs and mDCs and its immunological as well as virological implications, will be discussed.
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spelling pubmed-56740042017-11-21 What Goes Around, Comes Around – HSV-1 Replication in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Grosche, Linda Kummer, Mirko Steinkasserer, Alexander Front Microbiol Microbiology HSV-1 is a very successful human pathogen, known for its high sero-prevalence and the ability to infect a wide range of different cell types, including dendritic cells (DCs). As very potent antigen-presenting cells DCs play an important role in the induction of antiviral immune responses and therefore represent a strategic target for viral-mediated immune escape mechanisms. It is known that HSV-1 completes its gene expression profile in immature as well as in mature DCs, while lytic infection is only found in immature DCs (iDCs). Notably, HSV-1 infected mature DCs (mDCs) fail to release infectious progeny virions into the supernatant. Apart from HSV-1 dissemination via extracellular routes cell-to-cell spread counteracts a yet unknown mechanism by which the virus is trapped in mDCs and not released into the supernatant. The dissemination in a cell–cell contact-dependent manner enables HSV-1 to infect bystander cells without the exposure toward the extracellular environment. This supports the virus to successfully infect the host and establish latency. In this review the mechanism of HSV-1 replication in iDCs and mDCs and its immunological as well as virological implications, will be discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5674004/ /pubmed/29163433 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02149 Text en Copyright © 2017 Grosche, Kummer and Steinkasserer. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Grosche, Linda
Kummer, Mirko
Steinkasserer, Alexander
What Goes Around, Comes Around – HSV-1 Replication in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
title What Goes Around, Comes Around – HSV-1 Replication in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
title_full What Goes Around, Comes Around – HSV-1 Replication in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
title_fullStr What Goes Around, Comes Around – HSV-1 Replication in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
title_full_unstemmed What Goes Around, Comes Around – HSV-1 Replication in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
title_short What Goes Around, Comes Around – HSV-1 Replication in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
title_sort what goes around, comes around – hsv-1 replication in monocyte-derived dendritic cells
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5674004/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29163433
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02149
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