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Canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in Clostridium botulinum group II strain NCTC 11219
Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic sporeforming bacterium that is notorious for producing a potent neurotoxin. Spores of C. botulinum can survive mild food processing treatments and subsequently germinate, multiply, produce toxin and cause botulism. Control of spore germination and outgrowth is t...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5684421/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29133849 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15839-y |
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author | Clauwers, Charlien Lood, Cédric Van den Bergh, Bram van Noort, Vera Michiels, Chris W. |
author_facet | Clauwers, Charlien Lood, Cédric Van den Bergh, Bram van Noort, Vera Michiels, Chris W. |
author_sort | Clauwers, Charlien |
collection | PubMed |
description | Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic sporeforming bacterium that is notorious for producing a potent neurotoxin. Spores of C. botulinum can survive mild food processing treatments and subsequently germinate, multiply, produce toxin and cause botulism. Control of spore germination and outgrowth is therefore essential for the safety of mildly processed foods. However, little is known about the process of spore germination in group II C. botulinum (gIICb), which are a major concern in chilled foods because they are psychrotrophic. The classical model of spore germination states that germination is triggered by the binding of a germinant molecule to a cognate germinant receptor. Remarkably, unlike many other sporeformers, gIICb has only one predicted canonical germinant receptor although it responds to multiple germinants. Therefore, we deleted the gerBAC locus that encodes this germinant receptor to determine its role in germination. Surprisingly, the deletion did not affect germination by any of the nutrient germinants, nor by the non-nutrient dodecylamine. We conclude that one or more other, so far unidentified, germinant receptors must be responsible for nutrient induced germination in gIICb. Furthermore, the gerBAC locus was strongly conserved with intact open reading frames in 159 gIICb genomes, suggesting that it has nevertheless an important function. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5684421 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-56844212017-11-29 Canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in Clostridium botulinum group II strain NCTC 11219 Clauwers, Charlien Lood, Cédric Van den Bergh, Bram van Noort, Vera Michiels, Chris W. Sci Rep Article Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic sporeforming bacterium that is notorious for producing a potent neurotoxin. Spores of C. botulinum can survive mild food processing treatments and subsequently germinate, multiply, produce toxin and cause botulism. Control of spore germination and outgrowth is therefore essential for the safety of mildly processed foods. However, little is known about the process of spore germination in group II C. botulinum (gIICb), which are a major concern in chilled foods because they are psychrotrophic. The classical model of spore germination states that germination is triggered by the binding of a germinant molecule to a cognate germinant receptor. Remarkably, unlike many other sporeformers, gIICb has only one predicted canonical germinant receptor although it responds to multiple germinants. Therefore, we deleted the gerBAC locus that encodes this germinant receptor to determine its role in germination. Surprisingly, the deletion did not affect germination by any of the nutrient germinants, nor by the non-nutrient dodecylamine. We conclude that one or more other, so far unidentified, germinant receptors must be responsible for nutrient induced germination in gIICb. Furthermore, the gerBAC locus was strongly conserved with intact open reading frames in 159 gIICb genomes, suggesting that it has nevertheless an important function. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5684421/ /pubmed/29133849 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15839-y Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Clauwers, Charlien Lood, Cédric Van den Bergh, Bram van Noort, Vera Michiels, Chris W. Canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in Clostridium botulinum group II strain NCTC 11219 |
title | Canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in Clostridium botulinum group II strain NCTC 11219 |
title_full | Canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in Clostridium botulinum group II strain NCTC 11219 |
title_fullStr | Canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in Clostridium botulinum group II strain NCTC 11219 |
title_full_unstemmed | Canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in Clostridium botulinum group II strain NCTC 11219 |
title_short | Canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in Clostridium botulinum group II strain NCTC 11219 |
title_sort | canonical germinant receptor is dispensable for spore germination in clostridium botulinum group ii strain nctc 11219 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5684421/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29133849 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15839-y |
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