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Plasma Amino Acids vs Conventional Predictors of Insulin Resistance Measured by the Hyperinsulinemic Clamp

CONTEXT: Specific plasma amino acid (AA) profiles including elevated postabsorptive branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been associated with insulin resistance (IR), mostly estimated by homeostatic model assessment. This study assessed the associations of postabsorptive AAs with IR directly meas...

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Autores principales: Labonte, Cherise C., Farsijani, Samaneh, Marliss, Errol B., Gougeon, Réjeanne, Morais, José A., Pereira, Sandra, Bassil, Maya, Winter, Aaron, Murphy, Jessica, Combs, Terry P., Chevalier, Stéphanie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Endocrine Society 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5686697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29264537
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2016-1108
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author Labonte, Cherise C.
Farsijani, Samaneh
Marliss, Errol B.
Gougeon, Réjeanne
Morais, José A.
Pereira, Sandra
Bassil, Maya
Winter, Aaron
Murphy, Jessica
Combs, Terry P.
Chevalier, Stéphanie
author_facet Labonte, Cherise C.
Farsijani, Samaneh
Marliss, Errol B.
Gougeon, Réjeanne
Morais, José A.
Pereira, Sandra
Bassil, Maya
Winter, Aaron
Murphy, Jessica
Combs, Terry P.
Chevalier, Stéphanie
author_sort Labonte, Cherise C.
collection PubMed
description CONTEXT: Specific plasma amino acid (AA) profiles including elevated postabsorptive branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been associated with insulin resistance (IR), mostly estimated by homeostatic model assessment. This study assessed the associations of postabsorptive AAs with IR directly measured by insulin-mediated glucose disposal and determined the quantitative value of AAs and conventional IR predictors. DESIGN: Fifty-one healthy, 31 overweight or obese (Ow/Ob), and 52 men and women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were studied retrospectively. The main outcome measures were the glucose disposal (M/I) index (using 3-[(3)H]-glucose) during a hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp and whole-body protein turnover (using 1-[(13)C]-leucine). RESULTS: Compared with healthy participants, M/I was lower in Ow/Ob participants and lowest in those with T2D. BCAAs, glutamate, and lysine were higher in the Ow/Ob and T2D groups than in healthy participants; glycine and threonine were lower. Most AAs were higher in men. Principal component analysis identified component 1 (C1: BCAAs, methionine) and C3 (glycine, threonine, serine). Glutamate, C1, ornithine, lysine, methionine, and tyrosine correlated negatively with M/I; C3 and glycine correlated positively. Waist circumference and sex strongly influenced AA–IR relationships; only glutamate correlated after these factors were controlled for. From regression analysis, waist circumference, fasting glucose, insulin, and free fatty acids (FFAs) negatively predicted 64% of the M/I variance; glutamate added 2% more. In nondiabetic participants, IR was predicted by waist circumference, insulin, and FFAs, without contribution from AAs. CONCLUSION: Several postabsorptive AAs correlated with IR but added limited predictive value to conventional markers because levels were determined largely by abdominal adiposity. Data suggest a sex-specific regulation of AA metabolism by excess adiposity, particularly the BCAAs, warranting investigation.
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spelling pubmed-56866972017-12-20 Plasma Amino Acids vs Conventional Predictors of Insulin Resistance Measured by the Hyperinsulinemic Clamp Labonte, Cherise C. Farsijani, Samaneh Marliss, Errol B. Gougeon, Réjeanne Morais, José A. Pereira, Sandra Bassil, Maya Winter, Aaron Murphy, Jessica Combs, Terry P. Chevalier, Stéphanie J Endocr Soc Research Articles CONTEXT: Specific plasma amino acid (AA) profiles including elevated postabsorptive branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been associated with insulin resistance (IR), mostly estimated by homeostatic model assessment. This study assessed the associations of postabsorptive AAs with IR directly measured by insulin-mediated glucose disposal and determined the quantitative value of AAs and conventional IR predictors. DESIGN: Fifty-one healthy, 31 overweight or obese (Ow/Ob), and 52 men and women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were studied retrospectively. The main outcome measures were the glucose disposal (M/I) index (using 3-[(3)H]-glucose) during a hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp and whole-body protein turnover (using 1-[(13)C]-leucine). RESULTS: Compared with healthy participants, M/I was lower in Ow/Ob participants and lowest in those with T2D. BCAAs, glutamate, and lysine were higher in the Ow/Ob and T2D groups than in healthy participants; glycine and threonine were lower. Most AAs were higher in men. Principal component analysis identified component 1 (C1: BCAAs, methionine) and C3 (glycine, threonine, serine). Glutamate, C1, ornithine, lysine, methionine, and tyrosine correlated negatively with M/I; C3 and glycine correlated positively. Waist circumference and sex strongly influenced AA–IR relationships; only glutamate correlated after these factors were controlled for. From regression analysis, waist circumference, fasting glucose, insulin, and free fatty acids (FFAs) negatively predicted 64% of the M/I variance; glutamate added 2% more. In nondiabetic participants, IR was predicted by waist circumference, insulin, and FFAs, without contribution from AAs. CONCLUSION: Several postabsorptive AAs correlated with IR but added limited predictive value to conventional markers because levels were determined largely by abdominal adiposity. Data suggest a sex-specific regulation of AA metabolism by excess adiposity, particularly the BCAAs, warranting investigation. Endocrine Society 2017-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5686697/ /pubmed/29264537 http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2016-1108 Text en Copyright © 2017 Endocrine Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This article has been published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial, No-Derivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Articles
Labonte, Cherise C.
Farsijani, Samaneh
Marliss, Errol B.
Gougeon, Réjeanne
Morais, José A.
Pereira, Sandra
Bassil, Maya
Winter, Aaron
Murphy, Jessica
Combs, Terry P.
Chevalier, Stéphanie
Plasma Amino Acids vs Conventional Predictors of Insulin Resistance Measured by the Hyperinsulinemic Clamp
title Plasma Amino Acids vs Conventional Predictors of Insulin Resistance Measured by the Hyperinsulinemic Clamp
title_full Plasma Amino Acids vs Conventional Predictors of Insulin Resistance Measured by the Hyperinsulinemic Clamp
title_fullStr Plasma Amino Acids vs Conventional Predictors of Insulin Resistance Measured by the Hyperinsulinemic Clamp
title_full_unstemmed Plasma Amino Acids vs Conventional Predictors of Insulin Resistance Measured by the Hyperinsulinemic Clamp
title_short Plasma Amino Acids vs Conventional Predictors of Insulin Resistance Measured by the Hyperinsulinemic Clamp
title_sort plasma amino acids vs conventional predictors of insulin resistance measured by the hyperinsulinemic clamp
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5686697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29264537
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2016-1108
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