Radiation intensity ([Formula: see text]) and visibility of anatomical structures in head CT examinations

The purpose of this study was to quantify how changing the amount of radiation used to perform routine head CT examinations ([Formula: see text]) affects visibility of key anatomical structures. Eight routine noncontrast head CT exams were selected from six CT scanners, each of which had a different [Formula: see text] setting (60 to 75 mGy). All exams were normal and two slices were selected for evaluation, one at the level of basal ganglia and the other at the fourth ventricle. Three experienced neuroradiologists evaluated the visibility of selected structures, including the putamen, caudate nucleus, thalamus, internal capsule, grey/white differentiation, and brainstem. Images were scored on a five‐point scoring scheme (1, unacceptable, 3, satisfactory, and 5, excellent). Reader scores, averaged over the cases obtained from each scanner, were plotted as a function of the corresponding [Formula: see text]. Average scores for the fourth ventricle were [Formula: see text] and for the basal ganglia were [Formula: see text]. No image received a score of 1. Two readers showed no clear trend of an increasing score with increasing [Formula: see text]. One reader showed a slight trend of increasing score with increasing [Formula: see text] , but the increase in score from a 25% increase in [Formula: see text] was a fraction of the standard deviation associated average scores. Collectively, results indicated that there were no clear improvements in visualizing neuroanatomy when [Formula: see text] increased from 60 to 75 mGy in routine head CT examinations. Our study showed no apparent benefit of using more than 60 mGy when performing routine noncontrast head CT examinations. PACS number(s): 87.57.C‐