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Preparation Prerequisites for Effective Irrigation of Apical Root Canal: A Critical Review

BACKGROUND: It is well recognized that disinfection of the complex root canal system at the apical root canal remains the most critical therapeutic measure to treat apical periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational and experimental data in relation to the anatomy of the apical root canal in...

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Autores principales: Tziafas, Dimitrios, Alraeesi, Dana, Al Hormoodi, Reem, Ataya, Maamoun, Fezai, Hessa, Aga, Nausheen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medicina Oral S.L. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5694157/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29167718
http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.54117
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author Tziafas, Dimitrios
Alraeesi, Dana
Al Hormoodi, Reem
Ataya, Maamoun
Fezai, Hessa
Aga, Nausheen
author_facet Tziafas, Dimitrios
Alraeesi, Dana
Al Hormoodi, Reem
Ataya, Maamoun
Fezai, Hessa
Aga, Nausheen
author_sort Tziafas, Dimitrios
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: It is well recognized that disinfection of the complex root canal system at the apical root canal remains the most critical therapeutic measure to treat apical periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational and experimental data in relation to the anatomy of the apical root canal in different tooth types and the cross sectional diameters of the apical part of the most commonly used hand and rotary files are critically reviewed. RESULTS: The present data analysis confirm that the challenging issue of antibacterial efficacy of modern preparation protocols in non-surgical endodontics requires more attention to apical root canal irrigation as a balance between safety and effectiveness. Ex vivo investigations clearly indicate that a specific design of the chemo-mechanical preparation is needed at the onset of RCT, more particularly in infected teeth. Design should be based on specific anatomical parameters, and must determine the appropriate size and taper of preparation as pre-requirements for effective and safe apical irrigation. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal irrigation protocols might be designed on the basis of technical specifications of the preparations procedures, such as the penetration depth, the type of the needle, the required time for continuous irrigant flow, the concentration of NaOCl, and the activation parameters. Key words:Endodontics, root canal treatment, instrumentation, irrigation, apical root canal.
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spelling pubmed-56941572017-11-22 Preparation Prerequisites for Effective Irrigation of Apical Root Canal: A Critical Review Tziafas, Dimitrios Alraeesi, Dana Al Hormoodi, Reem Ataya, Maamoun Fezai, Hessa Aga, Nausheen J Clin Exp Dent Review BACKGROUND: It is well recognized that disinfection of the complex root canal system at the apical root canal remains the most critical therapeutic measure to treat apical periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational and experimental data in relation to the anatomy of the apical root canal in different tooth types and the cross sectional diameters of the apical part of the most commonly used hand and rotary files are critically reviewed. RESULTS: The present data analysis confirm that the challenging issue of antibacterial efficacy of modern preparation protocols in non-surgical endodontics requires more attention to apical root canal irrigation as a balance between safety and effectiveness. Ex vivo investigations clearly indicate that a specific design of the chemo-mechanical preparation is needed at the onset of RCT, more particularly in infected teeth. Design should be based on specific anatomical parameters, and must determine the appropriate size and taper of preparation as pre-requirements for effective and safe apical irrigation. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal irrigation protocols might be designed on the basis of technical specifications of the preparations procedures, such as the penetration depth, the type of the needle, the required time for continuous irrigant flow, the concentration of NaOCl, and the activation parameters. Key words:Endodontics, root canal treatment, instrumentation, irrigation, apical root canal. Medicina Oral S.L. 2017-10-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5694157/ /pubmed/29167718 http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.54117 Text en Copyright: © 2017 Medicina Oral S.L. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Tziafas, Dimitrios
Alraeesi, Dana
Al Hormoodi, Reem
Ataya, Maamoun
Fezai, Hessa
Aga, Nausheen
Preparation Prerequisites for Effective Irrigation of Apical Root Canal: A Critical Review
title Preparation Prerequisites for Effective Irrigation of Apical Root Canal: A Critical Review
title_full Preparation Prerequisites for Effective Irrigation of Apical Root Canal: A Critical Review
title_fullStr Preparation Prerequisites for Effective Irrigation of Apical Root Canal: A Critical Review
title_full_unstemmed Preparation Prerequisites for Effective Irrigation of Apical Root Canal: A Critical Review
title_short Preparation Prerequisites for Effective Irrigation of Apical Root Canal: A Critical Review
title_sort preparation prerequisites for effective irrigation of apical root canal: a critical review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5694157/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29167718
http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.54117
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